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All Journal JUMORA: Jurnal Moderasi Olahraga Jurnal Pendidikan Kepelatihan Olahraga: Pejuang
Karim, Taha Youssef
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Relationship Between Mental Imagery And Speed Of Refereeing Decision-Making Among Badminton Referees In Iraq Karim, Taha Youssef
Jurnal Pendidikan Kepelatihan Olahraga: PEJUANG Vol. 1 No. 2 (2025): 30 Juni 2025
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Kepelatihan Olahraga

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Abstract

This study aims to analyze relationship between mental imagery and speed of refereeing decision-making among badminton referees in Iraq, as it is one of the games that require a high level of mental concentration and the ability to respond quickly to changing situations. The researcher adopted the descriptive correlational approach for its suitability to the nature of the study, and a sample of (30) referees was selected representing different refereeing levels international, Asian, first, second, third). The study used a modified mathematical mental imagery scale, as well as a validated test based on real-life situations, to measure decision-making speed. Both instruments were examined by a panel of experts to ensure validity and reliability. The results showed a statistically significant positive correlation between mental imagery and decision-making speed. Significant differences also emerged between referees' levels, with international and Asian referees having higher levels in both variables compared to referees from local levels . The study recommends integrating mental skills as an essential part of referee preparation and development programs, and intensifying mental training alongside skill and cognitive training. It also suggests conducting similar studies in other sports, examining the impact of factors such as psychological stress or gender on decision-making speed. This study reflects the importance of mental imagery in refereeing performance and provides a scientific basis for developing sports refereeing in Iraq, especially in fast-paced games.
Modeling Exercise Plyometric on Vertical Jump Ability in Football Player Heading Sitompul, Surya Rezeki; Mahardika, Galang Pakarti; Shiddiq, Hilmi Aziz; Saleh, Muhammad; Pradana, Muhammad Azmi; Karim, Taha Youssef
JUMORA: Jurnal Moderasi Olahraga Vol 5 No 2 (2025): Jurnal Moderasi Olahraga
Publisher : Universitas Ma'arif Nahdlatul Ulama Kebumen

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53863/mor.v5i2.1918

Abstract

This study is based on observations made during training at SSB Kabomania Muda Nusantara. It was found that the students had poor heading skills, that the coaches did little plyometric training to increase the explosive power of the leg muscles because the students had poor jumping power, that the training program was not measurable, and that the students were, on average, of short stature. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of plyometric model exercises, namely different variations of the depth jump and the single-leg jump, on jumping power. The sample consisted of 15 individuals, who were selected using targeted sampling. The research method was a quantitative experiment with a pre-experimental design of one group with pre-test and post-test, i.e., a research design in which one group underwent a pre-test and a post-test. The research results showed that before training with depth jumps and single legs (pre-test), most statistical results were at 42.2, which means that the vertical jumping power of most soccer players was adequate to very poor. After training with depth jumps and single legs (post-test), the statistical value was 57.2, which means that vertical jump power improved to very good. This was confirmed by the t-test, where t > t-table, i.e., 6.91 > 2.14, so the alternative hypothesis (ha) was accepted and the null hypothesis (h0) was rejected. To complete the homogeneous results, further research is needed on the application of the sample group of students with the same average height.
Co-Authors Mahardika, Galang Pakarti Muhammad Saleh Pradana, Muhammad Azmi Shiddiq, Hilmi Aziz Sitompul, Surya Rezeki