Hernández, Adelina Martins
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Analysis of coaches’ perception of the impact of their stress on the coach-athlete relationship Balore, Julibert Jr Noynoyan; Fueyo, Jona; Rubio, Aaron; Hernández, Adelina Martins
Tanjungpura Journal of Coaching Research Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): Tanjungpura Journal of Coaching Research
Publisher : Universitas Tanjungpura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26418/tajor.v4i1.95617

Abstract

Background. The coach–athlete relationship is one of the most influential drivers of performance, motivation, and health within sporting environments. But the nature of this regard is heavily conditioned by the stress that attends on coaches, which can influence how they behave and communicate, and their ability to offer appropriate support. Objectives. The purpose of this study was to investigate how coaches experience that their stress affects the interaction and the relation quality with athletes. Methods. Using a qualitative research design, semi-structured interviews were conducted with thirteen coaches from various sports and institutional backgrounds. Participants were selected using purposive sampling. Thirteen coaches took part in one-on-one interviews conducted via Google Meet. The sample included coaches from both public and private schools who were actively involved in coaching at different levels of competition, such as international, national, and Palarong Pambansa events. The data were analyzed using Braun and Clarke’s (2006) thematic analysis approach, aided by NVivo 14 software. Results. Three primary stress sources emerged: role-related, relational, and contextual/external. These stressors led to negative outcomes, including controlling or hostile coach behaviors, impaired communication, and role overload leading to athlete neglect. Despite these challenges, coaches employed strategies such as coaching practices and relationship management, personal wellness behaviors, and institutional support. Conclusion. Findings show that coaching is a relational process influenced by stress and coping. Emotional regulation and interpersonal awareness are essential to coaching success. Institutional reforms and mental health resources are necessary to support coaches in managing stress and maintaining positive relationships. This research contributes to coaching psychology literature by emphasizing that coach support is critical to sustaining healthy coach-athlete dynamics and improving athletic outcomes.
Reverse push-up training and forearm passing accuracy in adolescent volleyball players Purwanto, Didik; Parlindungan, Doby Putro; Hernández, Adelina Martins
Tanjungpura Journal of Coaching Research Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): Tanjungpura Journal of Coaching Research
Publisher : Universitas Tanjungpura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26418/tajor.v4i2.111362

Abstract

Background Forearm passing is a fundamental volleyball skill that supports serve reception, defensive organization, and attack construction. Its successful execution requires a stable forearm platform, coordinated body positioning, and sufficient upper-body control. Although reverse push-up exercises are practical for developing upper-body strength and stability in school settings, evidence regarding their integration with passing practice among adolescent volleyball players remains limited Objectives This study examined changes in forearm passing accuracy after a six-week reverse push-up–supported training program among adolescent extracurricular volleyball players. Methods A one-group pretest–posttest study involved 31 students (19 boys and 12 girls) participating in a junior-high-school volleyball extracurricular program in Jakarta, Indonesia. Participants completed 16 supervised sessions across six weeks (approximately three sessions per week). Training combined progressive reverse push-up variations with forearm-passing practice. Passing performance was assessed before and after the program using a one-minute AAHPERD wall-volley target test. Paired changes were evaluated with a paired-samples t test, a 95% confidence interval (CI), standardized paired effect size (dz), and a Wilcoxon signed-rank sensitivity analysis. Results Mean scores increased from 18.87 ± 3.28 at pretest to 32.55 ± 4.65 at posttest. The mean improvement was 13.68 points (95% CI 12.44–14.91), equivalent to 72.48% of the baseline mean, t(30) = 22.59, p < .001, dz = 4.06. All 31 participants improved, with individual gains ranging from 6 to 18 points. The Wilcoxon analysis supported the direction of the primary result (V = 496, p < .001). Conclusion Forearm passing scores improved substantially during the six-week program. Reverse push-ups may be a practical conditioning component when integrated with task-specific passing drills in school volleyball. However, because this study lacked a control group and combined physical and technical training, these improvements cannot be attributed solely to reverse push-ups.