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All Journal Jurnal Ilmiah HUBUNGAN INTERNASIONAL TRANSBORDERS: International Relations Journal Paradigma POLISTAAT: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik MUHARRIK: JURNAL DAKWAH DAN SOSIAL Journal Sampurasun : Interdisciplinary Studies for Cultural Heritage JE (Journal of Empowerment) Pena Justisia: Media Komunikasi dan Kajian Hukum KAIBON ABHINAYA : JURNAL PENGABDIAN MASYARAKAT Academia Praja : Jurnal Ilmu Politik, Pemerintahan dan Administrasi Publik DINAMIKA GLOBAL : JURNAL ILMU HUBUNGAN INTERNASIONAL INFOKUM Fox Justi : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Jurnal Ekonomi Jurnal Info Sains : Informatika dan Sains Best Journal of Administration and Management Lead Journal of Economy and Administration Jurnal Multidisiplin Sahombu Journal of Economics and Business (JECOMBI) International Journal of Law and Society Jurnal Sosial Sains dan Komunikasi (Ju-SoSAK) Dalihan Na Tolu : Jurnal Hukum, Politik dan Komunikasi Indonesia Jurnal Pendidikan Islam Jurnal Restorasi: Hukum dan Politik
Kunkunrat, Kunkunrat
Universitas Pasundan
Religion Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Library & Information Science Social Sciences Other

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Rasionalisasi Perang Dagang Amerika Serikat dan Tiongkok Ditinjau dari Teori “Chicken Game” Sebayang, Tino Rila; Kunkunrat, Kunkunrat; Irza, Apsha Lutvia; Pratama, Aditya Putra
Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional Vol. 20 No. 1 (2024): Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional
Publisher : Parahyangan Center for International Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26593/jihi.v20i1.6803.54-73

Abstract

This paper focuses on discussing the rationalization of the Trade War between the United States (US) and China from 2018 to 2022. The US and China action in the trade war were widely recognized as irrational, and given the negative impact on trade balance in both. The argument in this paper aims to prove that the protectionist policies of the both countries constitute a rational foreign economic strategic policy. The theory used to justify the aspect of rationality both uses Game Theory, namely the Chicken Game. On the other hand, the orientation of the Foreign Policy of the two countries which is considered rational, will be emphasized by the parameters of Cost and Benefit, by looking at the political motives being pursued for national interests by the US and China in the International Political Economy order. The methodology used in this paper is descriptive analysis, with a qualitative approach. The ideas to build arguments in this paper using previous literature reviews, with the narrative literature review method, according to relevant topics of discussion, concepts, and theories. On the other hand, as a justification for strengthening the parameters of the benefits of the both countries in the context of a trade war, this paper uses the Hegemonic Stability theory as benefit orientation for the US, as well as the Modified Structural theory from China's benefit perspectives. Keyword: Trade War; Cost and Benefit; Protectionism; Chicken Game; Foreign Economic Policy
The Islam and Global Geopolitics: The Relationship between Religion, Power, and Indonesian International Politics Kunkunrat , Kunkunrat; Priangani, Ade
MUHARRIK: Jurnal Dakwah dan Sosial Vol. 7 No. 2 (2024): Muharrik: Jurnal Dakwah dan Sosial
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Sunan Giri Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37680/muharrik.v7i2.7216

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the relationship between Islam and power dynamics in Indonesian international politics, highlighting how Islamic values ​​interact with national interests and global geopolitical structures. This study begins with a critique of the view that positions religion, particularly Islam, solely as a source of conflict in international relations. Instead, this study views Islam as a normative and strategic element that plays a role in shaping the orientation and practice of Indonesian foreign policy. This study uses a qualitative approach with descriptive-analytical methods. Data were obtained through a literature review of academic books, reputable journal articles, and an analysis of foreign policy documents, official speeches, and diplomatic statements by the Indonesian government. Data analysis was conducted using a content analysis approach to identify patterns of relations between Islamic identity, national interests, and Indonesia's geopolitical strategy. The results show that Islam functions as a source of moral legitimacy and an instrument of soft power in Indonesian foreign policy. This is reflected in the promotion of a moderate Islamic identity (wasathiyah), humanitarian diplomacy, conflict mediation in Muslim countries, and Indonesia's active role in multilateral forums such as the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC). However, Islam's role is contextual and not deterministic. Indonesia continues to prioritize national interests, state sovereignty, and geopolitical rationality, in line with the principles of an independent and active foreign policy. This study concludes that Indonesian foreign policy represents a pragmatic integration of Islamic values, national interests, and global power dynamics. Islam is not positioned as an expansive ideology, but rather as a non-material diplomatic asset that strengthens Indonesia's bargaining position at the regional and international levels.
Politik Hukum Internasional dalam Transisi Tatanan Dunia Menuju Multipolaritas Kunkunrat Kunkunrat
Pena Justisia: Media Komunikasi dan Kajian Hukum Vol. 22 No. 2 (2023): Pena Justisia
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Pekalongan

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Abstract

The shift in the world order from a unipolar system to a multipolar system is a global phenomenon that influences the dynamics of international legal politics. The dominance of one major power after the Cold War has begun to shift with the strengthening role of other major powers and the increasing influence of regional actors in global decision-making. This study aims to analyze international legal politics in response to the shift in the global power structure toward multipolarity and its implications for the formation and enforcement of international law. The research method used is normative legal research with a conceptual approach and an international legislative approach, through a literature review of international treaties, legal doctrine, and contemporary international relations practices. The results show that the shift toward a multipolar world order has influenced the process of forming international legal norms, which are increasingly influenced by the political interests of major powers, often weakening global consensus. However, multipolarity also opens up opportunities for creating a more inclusive balance of power and expanding the participation of developing countries in international legal governance. This research is expected to contribute academically to understanding the direction of developments in international legal politics amidst the changing global world order.
Competing Maritime Interests in the South China Sea: Asian Geopolitical Implications Kunkunrat Kunkunrat
Jurnal Restorasi : Hukum dan Politik Vol. 1 No. 1 (2023): Jurnal Restorasi : Hukum dan Politik, April 2023
Publisher : Jurnal Restorasi : Hukum dan Politik

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Abstract

The South China Sea, as a strategic route for international trade and a rich natural resource area, is at the center of tensions between countries in the region. This research will analyze the root causes of conflict, the strategies used by regional and global actors to advance their interests, and the geopolitical implications for stability and security in Asia. This research uses a qualitative approach with descriptive methods. The research results show that global maritime power competition in the South China Sea has a significant impact on Asian geopolitics. Regional tensions, economic uncertainty, changes in global security dynamics, environmental damage, diplomatic and international legal challenges, strategic uncertainty, impacts on energy security, as well as increased military activity and weapons are direct consequences of this competition. This underscores the need for collaborative efforts, multilateral dialogue and sustainable policies to manage and mitigate negative impacts, while promoting stability in the South China Sea region.
Diplomatic Tensions in the South China Sea: Implications for Regional Stability Kunkunrat
Lead Journal of Economy and Administration Vol 2 No 4 (2024): Lead Journal of Economy and Administration (LEJEA)
Publisher : International Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56403/lejea.v2i4.154

Abstract

Diplomatic tensions in the South China Sea have become a major concern in global geopolitical dynamics. Conflicts of interest and policy dynamics involving the coastal countries of the South China Sea have made this region always volatile at any time. This research aims to analyze the root causes of these tensions and identify possible implications for regional stability. The research method used in this research is a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. The results of this research reveal that diplomatic tensions in the South China Sea have a serious impact on regional stability. Disputes related to territorial claims, Exclusive Economic Zones, and economic disputes create economic and security vulnerabilities that can harm all parties involved. Impeded multilateral cooperation also hinders efforts to resolve joint issues. In addition, social and political impacts create internal instability that can trigger riots and divisions within the government. Thoughtful handling of these tensions is necessary, involving open dialogue, intelligent diplomacy, and a strong commitment to maintaining regional stability, creating a strong foundation for sustainable peace and security in the South China Sea
The Relationship between Islamic Boarding Schools and Islamic Politics: Democratic Literacy Education for First-Time Voters in West Java Kunkunrat Kunkunrat; Ade Priangani; Willya Achmad
Nazhruna: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026): Transformative Islamic Education in Pesantren and Madrasah
Publisher : Universitas Pesantren Kh abdul Chalim Mojokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31538/nzh.v9i2.567

Abstract

Islamic boarding schools (pesantren) are important institutions for shaping students' (santri) political knowledge, especially among first-time voters. Democratic literacy is a key component in developing rational, critical, and responsible voters. Nevertheless, this relationship is still viewed in the narrow context of pesantren as a political weapon to mobilize an Islamic group, leading to a need for a deeper exploration of pesantren's educational role in democracy. Thus, this study seeks to examine the interplay between pesantren and Islamic politics in the context of democratic literacy education for first-time voters in West Java. This study is qualitative in nature and employs a case study method. These findings indicate that pesantren influences students' (santri) democratic literacy by instilling Islamic moral values, rational and critical political literacy, and maslahatan, or an understanding of the public interest. The influence of the kiai (Islamic clerics) is normative and ethical, but does not necessarily determine students' political preferences. As first-time voters, students show moderate and inclusive integration of Islamic values with democratic principles. This study shows that pesantrens are active contributors to generating first-time voters through democratic awareness, political responsibility, and a quality-of-democracy orientation.
CHINA’S DEBT TRAP PADA BELT AND ROAD INITIATIVE (BRI) MELALUI MODEL TRIBUTARY SYSTEM ALA DINASTI MING-QING DALAM PEMBANGUNAN INFRASTRUKTUR DI TIMOR LESTE Ade Priangani; Kunkunrat Kunkunrat; Rangga MS Saputra
Jurnal Academia Praja Vol 4 No 2 (2021): Academia Praja : Jurnal Ilmu Politik, Pemerintahan, dan Administrasi Publik
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Ahmad Yani

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36859/jap.v4i2.519

Abstract

Sejak reformasi China yang dilakukan oleh Deng Xiaoping pada tahun 1978 dan dilanjutkan oleh Xi Jinping yang lebih aktif pada tahun 2013, dengan membentuk jalur ekonomi sutra baru Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) dengan tujuan menciptakan kerjasama dan interdependensi serta harmoni pada tatanan kawasan Asia-Pasifik dan Global. Landasan BRI ini adalah salah satu bentuk romantisasi sejarah pada masa dinasti Han dengan jalur ekonomi sutra lama. Akan Tetapi kepentingan BRI terhadap negara-negara partner menjadi ancaman tersendiri dengan adanya “Debt trap” atau jebakan Utang yang dilakukan oleh China alih-alih bantuan infrastuktur. Sehigga BRI adalah salah satu model “Tributary system” gaya baru ala Dinasti Ming-Qing yang dimana jebakan utang adalah salah satu pengabdian diri pada China sebagai negara inti. Hasil analisis menjelaskan bahwa pengaruh terhadap Timor Leste menjadi ancaman dengan meningkatnya utang sebesar 13 persen pada tahun 2016, namun dibantah oleh Timor Leste dan China sendiri yang dimana jebakan utang adalah konstruksi subjektivitas dari kekhawatiran AS dan sekutu terhadap dominasi China.
The Struggle for Influence in the South China Sea: Regional Geopolitical Competition Kunkunrat Kunkunrat
Dalihan Na Tolu: Jurnal Hukum, Politik dan Komunikasi Indonesia Vol. 1 No. 02 (2023): Dalihan Na Tolu: Jurnal Hukum, Politik dan Komunikasi Indonesia,Juni 2023
Publisher : SEAN Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58471/dalihannatolu.v1i02.330

Abstract

The South China Sea, as one of the main trade routes and a maritime region rich in natural resources, has become the main stage for countries in the Asia Pacific region to compete for political, economic and military influence. This research discusses the phenomenon of power struggles that occur in the South China Sea, the main focus is on geopolitical competition in this strategic region. This research uses a qualitative approach with descriptive methods. The research results show that competition in the South China Sea involves a complexity of geopolitical, geoeconomic and national interest factors. This region, rich in natural resources, especially oil and gas, is a source of tension between coastal states and external actors. China, as the dominant power in the region, shows high interest in the Nine-Dash Line territorial claims, raising concerns from ASEAN countries and the United States. The complexity of national identities and competition for natural resources creates power imbalances and conflict in the South China Sea. Solutions to overcome these challenges require multilateral cooperation and diplomacy involving all relevant parties, with the aim of achieving peace, security and balance of interests in the region.
Korean Cultural Diplomacy: Uniting Society Through Soft Power Kunkunrat Kunkunrat
Best Journal of Administration and Management Vol 2 No 3 (2024): Best Journal of Administration and Management
Publisher : International Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56403/bejam.v2i3.155

Abstract

Soft power is persuasive power that is not military or economic in nature, but is rooted in the attractiveness of culture, values and a positive image of a country. South Korea has successfully utilized soft power through the Korean wave to increase its presence and influence on the global stage. This research aims to investigate the role of Korean cultural diplomacy in integrating and uniting the international community through the concept of soft power. This research uses a qualitative approach with descriptive methods. The research results show that South Korea's cultural diplomacy, especially through the Korean Wave, has succeeded in creating a significant positive impact. The research highlights the contribution of the Korean Wave in strengthening South Korea's positive image at the global level, building sociocultural and economic ties in the East Asian region, and generating economic growth through increasing the popularity of Korean products and lifestyle. Full support from the government, including through the establishment of public institutions, provides a strong foundation for the success of South Korea's cultural diplomacy. In conclusion, research shows that South Korea's cultural diplomacy is an effective instrument in building positive connectivity, advancing the economy, and shaping global views of this country.
Co-Authors Ade Priangani Afriantari, Rini Ahlulbait, Akmal Arzak Alif Oktavian Alya, Sabia Fazila Astrid Aulia Monica Ika Sri Hastuti Irza, Apsha Luthvia Irza, Apsha Lutvia Iwan Gunawan Oktavia, Alif Poerwantika, Tine Ratna Pratama, Aditya Putra Rajab, Muhandis Rangga MS Saputra Riska Putri Hariyadi Sebayang, Tino Rila Silvia Nurindah Sonjaya, Rasman Willya Achmad