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All Journal JURNAL ILMIAH GLOBAL EDUCATION Consensus : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum
Gorda, AAA. Ngurah Tini Rusmini
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Arts Humanities Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Mathematics Social Sciences Other

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Efektivitas Pendampingan Advokat terhadap Pelaku Penyalahgunaan Narkotika dalam Mewujudkan Keadilan Restoratif Dananjaya, Made Adi Widhirestu; Gorda, AAA. Ngurah Tini Rusmini; Antari, Putu Eva Ditayani; Sukadana, Dewa Ayu Putri
Consensus : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Hukum Sumpah Pemuda

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46839/consensus.v4i2.1604

Abstract

: The restorative justice paradigm views drug addicts as individuals who need physical, mental, and social recovery. This study analyses the role of advocates in restorative justice-based law enforcement. Using empirical legal methods, this study explores legal aid practices through interviews with advocates, law enforcement officials, addicts, and rehabilitation workers, as well as reviewing the Narcotics Law, Criminal Procedure Code, and Supreme Court Regulation No. 4 of 2014. The results show that advocates play an important role in ensuring that addicts are treated as victims, not criminals. Substantive assistance with medical and psychological evidence supports rehabilitation, while procedural assistance ensures due process of law. Non-litigious assistance such as counselling and family mediation also reinforces restorative principles. However, the effectiveness of legal aid is influenced by factors such as the competence of advocates, the alignment of the vision of officials, the availability of rehabilitation facilities, family support, and legal culture. The unpreparedness of these elements can hinder the implementation of restorative justice. Therefore, improving the quality of legal aid and synergy between institutions is very important to create a more humane criminal justice system for drug addicts.
Synchronization of Bitcoin Regulations in the Indonesian Legal System Sinlae, Ayu Septyani Bellandina; Gorda, AAA. Ngurah Tini Rusmini; Sudharma, Kadek Januarsa Adi
Jurnal Ilmiah Global Education Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): JURNAL ILMIAH GLOBAL EDUCATION
Publisher : LPPM Institut Pendidikan Nusantara Global

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55681/jige.v7i1.5315

Abstract

This study examines the legal status of Bitcoin in Indonesia from the perspective of regulatory synchronization between regulatory institutions, namely Bank Indonesia, the Financial Services Authority (OJK), the Commodity Futures Trading Regulatory Agency (Bappebti), and the Ministry of Trade. The study highlights Bitcoin's striking dual status: while Bank Indonesia expressly prohibits its use as a means of payment under Law No. 7 of 2011 concerning Currency to maintain the sovereignty of the Rupiah, the government, through Bappebti, recognizes Bitcoin as a digital commodity that can be legally traded on futures exchanges. This regulatory asymmetry among these institutions not only leads to overlapping authority but also creates significant legal uncertainty for digital asset market players, weakens consumer protection efforts, and opens up loopholes for potential abuses such as money laundering and terrorism financing. This study uses a normative legal method with a statutory approach to analyze the hierarchy of norms, a conceptual approach to clarify ambiguous terminology, and a comparative legal approach to map the best regulatory models from developed jurisdictions such as Japan and Singapore. The results show that Bitcoin regulation in Indonesia has not been harmonious due to the lack of binding cross-institutional legal norms. Despite significant changes with the transfer of digital asset oversight to the Financial Services Authority (OJK) in January 2025, regulatory synchronization remains a challenge. The creation of a National Digital Asset Law as a lex specialis to integrate monetary, trade, and financial oversight functions, as well as the establishment of a coordinating body such as the National Crypto Regulatory Board (NCRB), is needed to create a unified digital asset legal system that adapts to technological developments.
Co-Authors Antari, Putu Eva Ditayani Dananjaya, Made Adi Widhirestu Kadek Januarsa Adi Sudharma Sinlae, Ayu Septyani Bellandina Sukadana, Dewa Ayu Putri