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All Journal Ajudikasi : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Jurnal ISO: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial, Politik dan Humaniora
Kaharuddin
Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta
Humanities Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences Other

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Validity Of Contracts Based On Smart Contract Generator (A Comparative Study of Indonesia and France) Putri Nabila sahwahita; Kaharuddin
Ajudikasi : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025): Ajudikasi : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum
Publisher : Universitas Serang Raya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30656/ajudikasi.v9i1.n65mcq96

Abstract

This study examines the legal validity of contracts generated by AI-based smart contract generators from the perspective of Indonesian civil law, in comparison with French law. The background lies in the development of Society 5.0, the use of blockchain and AI in contract drafting, and the absence of specific regulations on smart contracts and generators in Indonesia. This research analyses contracts produced by smart contract generators, the legal framework governing the use of smart contract generators in contract formation in Indonesia and France, and the implications of this comparative analysis for strengthening legal certainty regarding smart contract generators in Indonesia. The study is a normative juridical research using statutory and comparative approaches, relying on primary legal materials, namely the Indonesian Civil Code, the Electronic Information and Transactions Act, the French Civil Code and AI regulations, as well as secondary materials on smart contracts, blockchain, and AI. The results show that contracts generated by such tools have the characteristics of automation, immutability, transparency, security, and decentralisation, but from a legal standpoint must still satisfy the general requirements for a valid agreement. In Indonesia, smart contracts can in principle be classified as electronic contracts insofar as they comply with Article 1320 of the French Civil Code, while the generator is viewed merely as a tool owned by the parties, with legal responsibility placed on users and a remaining regulatory gap on technical aspects. In France, smart contracts generated by AI are assessed under the general rules of contract law but are reinforced by the explicit recognition of DLT in financial law and a more developed AI supervision framework. Based on these findings, the study concludes that Indonesia needs to strengthen its national framework through explicit recognition of the contractual function of smart contracts, the adoption of technical standards and liability rules for generator providers, and the development of judicial and sectoral guidelines to ensure legal certainty and protect weaker parties.
Problematika Legislasi Undang-Undang KUHP Baru: Antara Modernisasi Hukum Pidana dan Kontroversi Publik Kaharuddin; Andreana Adinegoro; Fildza Kamila; Nabila Azzahra
Jurnal ISO: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial, Politik dan Humaniora Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026): June
Publisher : Penerbit Jurnal Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53697/iso.v6i1.3346

Abstract

Pengesahan Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana (KUHP) baru melalui Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2023 menandai fase penting pembaruan hukum pidana Indonesia setelah lebih dari satu abad menggunakan kodifikasi kolonial. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis problematika legislasi KUHP baru dengan menelaah secara komprehensif ketegangan antara agenda modernisasi hukum pidana dan gelombang kontroversi publik yang muncul sejak proses penyusunannya. Metode yang digunakan adalah pendekatan yuridis normatif yang dikombinasikan dengan analisis sosio-legal untuk memahami hubungan antara rumusan norma, dinamika politik hukum, serta respons masyarakat.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tiga temuan utama. Pertama, sejumlah ketentuan seperti penghinaan presiden, kriminalisasi kesusilaan, dan pasal yang menyentuh ranah privat berpotensi bertentangan dengan prinsip hak asasi manusia, kebebasan sipil, dan standar hukum pidana modern. Kedua, proses legislasi mencerminkan kontestasi antara kepentingan progresif yang mendorong modernisasi dan kelompok konservatif yang mempertahankan nilai moral tertentu, sementara partisipasi publik masih bersifat informatif dan belum memenuhi standar partisipasi bermakna. Ketiga, kontroversi substansial dan prosedural tersebut menimbulkan tantangan terhadap legitimasi demokratis dan efektivitas implementasi KUHP baru menjelang pemberlakuannya pada 2026. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa meskipun KUHP baru memuat sejumlah elemen progresif seperti penguatan keadilan restoratif dan perluasan perlindungan korban, berbagai ketentuan kontroversial berpotensi menghambat tujuan reformasi hukum pidana. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan revisi terhadap pasal bermasalah, peningkatan transparansi serta partisipasi publik dalam penyusunan regulasi turunan, dan strategi sosialisasi yang sistematis agar implementasi KUHP baru dapat berlangsung secara adil, demokratis, dan responsif terhadap dinamika sosial.
Co-Authors Andreana Adinegoro Fildza Kamila Nabila Azzahra Putri Nabila sahwahita