Indah Anugrah Sari
Universitas La Tansa Mashiro

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Analysis of Processing Empty Oil Palm Fruit Bunch Waste (EFB) Into Organic Fertilizer and Organic Mulch Qiswatun Mukhoyyaroh; Latif Sofiana Nugraheni; Ina Rotul Mila; Risa Maelani; Indah Anugrah Sari
Quagga: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Biologi Vol 17 No 2 (2025): QUAGGA : Jurnal Pendidikan dan Biologi
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi, Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan, Universitas Kuningan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25134/quagga.v17i2.369

Abstract

Fresh fruit bunches (FFB) of oil palm are processed into crude palm oil (CPO) and palm oil waste. Palm oil waste, such as empty fruit bunches (EFB), has traditionally been incinerated, leading to increased carbon emissions in the atmosphere. However, EFB can be utilized as organic fertilizer and mulch for oil palm cultivation. This study aims to analyze the conversion of EFB waste into organic fertilizer and mulch. The research was conducted at PT Perkebunan Nusantara VII Kertajaya, Banten Province, from July 2023 to August 2024. A qualitative descriptive approach was employed, with data collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. Participants were selected using purposive sampling, involving 20 individuals. The results indicate that the process of converting EFB waste into organic fertilizer and mulch comprises two main stages: (1) the processing of FFB into EFB waste, which includes the following steps: a) weighing, b) sorting, c) loading ramp, d) sterilization, e) stripping, and f) empty bunch hopper; and (2) the transformation of EFB waste into organic fertilizer and mulch. The production process for organic fertilizer and mulch occurs naturally. The EFB waste is applied as organic fertilizer and mulch by spreading it on the soil around the oil palm trees.
A LEAF MORPHOLOGICAL VARIATION OF Pisonia grandis R.Br. (NYCTAGINACEAE) FROM JAVA, BALI, AND LOMBOK Indah Anugrah Sari; Himmah Rustiami
Floribunda Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): Floribunda
Publisher : Penerbit BRIN (BRIN Publishing)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/floribunda.2025.5588

Abstract

A study on leaf morphological variation in Pisonia grandis R.Br. from Java, Bali, and Lombok was conducted to assess patterns of intraspecific variation. Sixteen specimens were examined, all of which exhibit entire leaf margins, predominantly chartaceous textures, and a prominent abaxial midrib. Variation was detected across 15 leaf characters. Phenetic analysis revealed three major groups at a similarity coefficient of 0.45. Group A comprises two subgroups (A1 and A2) at a similarity coefficient of 0.52. Group B is also divided into two subgroups (B1 and B2) at a similarity coefficient of 0.45, while Group C consists of two subgroups (C1 and C2) at a similarity coefficient of 0.59. The cluster analysis does not support recognition of any infraspecific taxa, as the observed morphological variation does not correlate with geographic distribution.