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Evaluating TOEIC Instruction through the CIPP Model: Insights from an Indonesian Aviation Academy Hendra Sudarso; Safitri Era Globalisasi; Dimas Hari Cahyo; Yasyfa’ Kawakibi; Haris Dibdyaningsih
Jo-ELT (Journal of English Language Teaching) Fakultas Pendidikan Bahasa & Seni Prodi Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris IKIP Vol. 12 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Faculty of Culture, Management, and Business Universitas Pendidikan Mandalika (UNDIKMA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33394/jo-elt.v12i2.18146

Abstract

English proficiency is essential for safe pilot-air traffic controller communication in aviation operations. While many Indonesian flight academies adopt TOEIC as an institutional benchmark for English certification, questions remain about its effectiveness in measuring the communicative competence required for operational aviation contexts. This qualitative study evaluated TOEIC instruction at an Indonesian Flight Academy using the CIPP (Context, Input, Process, Product) evaluation model. Data revealed a significant gap between strong institutional policy endorsement of TOEIC and actual classroom practice. Although institutional frameworks mandated TOEIC certification, curriculum implementation remained insufficiently aligned with ICAO language proficiency standards, instructors lacked specialized aviation English training, and teaching focused predominantly on test preparation rather than authentic communication scenarios. Notably, while cadets achieved respectable TOEIC scores (550–780), their operational communicative readiness during simulated aviation tasks remained limited. The study recommends curriculum realignment linking TOEIC objectives with ICAO descriptors, mandatory ESP professional development for instructors, and integration of simulation-based communicative tasks. Learner self-efficacy emerged as a crucial psychological factor mediating the transfer of language learning to real communication. This evaluation contributes to ESP pedagogy and aviation English policy by demonstrating how institutional, pedagogical, and psychological dimensions interact to shape language instruction effectiveness in professional, safety-critical contexts.
Impact of Workload and Work-Life Balance on Aviation Safety at Soekarno-Hatta ATC Giga Valtian Zepa; Hari Kurniawanto; Dimas Hari Cahyo; Daniel Dewantoro Rumani
Logistic and Operation Management Research (LOMR) Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): Logistic and Operation Management Research (LOMR)
Publisher : Research Synergy Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31098/lomr.v4i1.3255

Abstract

The increasing complexity of air traffic operations and the high cognitive demands placed on Air Traffic Controllers (ATCs) underscore the critical need to address factors affecting performance and safety. This study investigates the influence of workload and work-life balance (WLB) on safety outcomes among ATCs at Soekarno-Hatta International Airport through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR). This research is motivated by the growing concern over fatigue-related incidents in aviation, particularly in high-density airspace environments. By synthesizing empirical and theoretical findings from peer-reviewed literature, this study explores how excessive workload, rigid shift structures, and insufficient recovery periods contribute to cognitive fatigue, diminished attentional control, and elevated error rates. In contrast, structured WLB interventions—such as optimized shift rotations, mandatory rest periods, and supportive scheduling policies—are found to mitigate fatigue and enhance operational vigilance. However, the applicability of flexible working hours in ATC settings is constrained by the operational and regulatory frameworks of the aviation industry, particularly the standards set by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO). This study contributes to the discourse on aviation human factors by advocating tailored fatigue risk management strategies and institutional support mechanisms to improve ATC well-being and ensure sustained aviation safety performance