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MIGRATION LARVA TOXOCARA CANIS AND INFECTION WITH BABESIA SP. IN LOCAL DOGS Ahmad Rohmadhon Holifatullah; Sri Kayati Widyastuti; Putu Devi Jayanti
Buletin Veteriner Udayana Bul. Vet. Udayana. October 2024 Vol. 16 No. 5
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/bulvet.2024.v16.i05.p02

Toxocariosis is a disease caused by infection with the parasite Toxocara sp., which can disrupt gastrointestinal function. In chronic conditions, the parasite larvae are capable of migrating. The migration of Toxocara sp. larvae can affect various organs such as the liver and lungs, resulting in varied clinical symptoms. The purpose of this article is to report on the occurrence and management of cases in establishing diagnosis and providing therapy for dogs experiencing Toxocara canis larval migration. Methods included history taking, clinical examination, diagnostic tests, laboratory examinations for diagnosis confirmation, therapy administration, and evaluation of outcomes. A 3-month-old female dog weighing 2.5 kg, unvaccinated and not dewormed, presented with complaints of diarrhea, vomiting worms, occasional cough, and alopecia. Clinical examination revealed alopecia and erythema on the back and abdomen, tick infestation, enlarged abdomen, pale mucous membranes of the eyes and mouth, moist anus with fecal staining, and vomiting of worms. Hematological examination indicated macrocytic hypochromic anemia, monocytosis, lymphocytosis, and thrombocytopenia. Blood smear and antibody test kit were positive for Babesia sp. Abdominal and thoracic radiographs showed ascites and bronchopneumonia. Laboratory tests identified Toxocara canis using native examination, sediment examination, and eggs per gram count. Therapy involved administering pyrantel pamoate 25 mg/kg body weight orally, repeated after 2 weeks; furosemide 4 mg/kg body weight orally twice daily for 3 days; ivermectin 200 mcg/kg body weight intramuscularly, repeated after 2 weeks; doxycycline 10 mg/kg body weight orally once daily for 21 days; Hematodine 1 ml intramuscularly; Livron B-Komplek® orally once daily for 14 days; and fish oil orally once daily for 14 days. The dog was bathed twice a week with JF Sulfur soap. Evaluation after 3 weeks indicated clinical, hematological, and laboratory recovery, evidenced by normal hematological parameters, negative native stool examination, sediment examination, and eggs per gram count, negative blood smear examination, and normal mucosa, abdomen, respiration, and skin. In conclusion, treatment of Toxocara canis larval migration with pyrantel pamoate 25 mg/kg body weight orally effectively eliminated the parasite, while doxycycline 10 mg/kg body weight orally for 21 days successfully eliminated Babesia sp. Broad-spectrum deworming is recommended routinely to prevent and break the life cycle of gastrointestinal parasite infections.

MANAGEMENT OF MEGACOLON CASES IN CATS WITH THE ADDITION OF YELLOW PUMPKIN TO THEIR FEED: A CASE REPORT I Putu Indra Manik Pradipta; Putu Devi Jayanti; I Gede Soma; I Wayan Nico Fajar Gunawan
Buletin Veteriner Udayana Bul. Vet. Udayana. April 2024 Vol. 16 No. 2
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/bulvet.2024.v16.i02.p01

Megacolon is a pathological condition associated with failure to defecate normally, most commonly diagnosed in cats. The medical management of megacolon has not been widely reported, hence the importance of writing this article. This case study is about a 2-year-old male Angora cat who was observed to have difficulty in defecating since 3 weeks. Clinical examination revealed normal borborygmus sounds and a solid abdominal consistency suspected to be fecal accumulation. Hematology examination was performed and the result showed Neutrophilia. Radiological examination showed accumulation of hardened feces in the colon. Based on the history, clinical examination, and supporting examination, the animal had megacolon with a prognosis of fausta. The cat was given lactulose and a feed mixture of wet food and pumpkin supplement. Results from laxative therapy with pumpkin supplementation for seven days showed the cat's fecal consistency FCS 3.5. The owner is advised to change the cat's feed to wet food with pumpkin added, as well as perform physical exercise on the cat.

DETERMINATION OF NON-SPECIFIC AND SPECIFIC QUALITY PARAMETERS OF MARIGOLD SIMPLICIA AS A RAW MATERIAL FOR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS Martina; Samsuri; I Made Merdana; I Wayan Sudira; Putu Devi Jayanti
Buletin Veteriner Udayana Bul. Vet. Udayana. June 2025 Vol. 17 No. 3
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/bulvet.2025.v17.i03.p31

Marigold flower (Tagetes erecta L.) is a type of ornamental plant from the Asteraceae family that has significant potential for cultivation due to its numerous uses. Besides being an ornamental flower, a natural dye, and an attractant for pest predators, marigold contains carotenoids, which can act as antioxidants, relieve mild fever and sore throat, serve as a natural moisturizer, and function as a natural mosquito repellent. Given its various beneficial components and properties, marigold has the potential to be used as a raw material for pharmaceutical preparations. This study aims to determine whether marigold flower simplicia meets the requirements as a raw material for pharmaceutical preparations based on non-specific and specific parameters according to established standards. The non-specific parameters include moisture content and ash content tests, while the specific parameters include organoleptic tests, water-soluble extract content, ethanol-soluble extract content, and yield percentage. This research is an observational non-experimental study with a descriptive-qualitative analysis design. Data collection was carried out by conducting non-specific and specific tests to obtain results for each parameter. The obtained results were as follows: moisture content 4.95%, ash content 4.8%, water-soluble extract content 37.34%, ethanol-soluble extract content 28%, and yield 13.48%. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the marigold flower simplicia is suitable and meets the requirements to be used as raw material for medicinal preparations, in accordance with the previously established parameters, namely the Materia Medica Indonesia Volume VI of 1995, the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia in 2017, and the Regulation of the Head of the Indonesian Food and Drug Authority (BPOM) Number 32 of 2019 concerning the quality requirements for traditional medicines. Further quality standardization tests should be conducted, such as microbial contamination, total aflatoxin, heavy metal contamination, weight uniformity, and alcohol content determination in marigold flower simplicia to establish additional quality standards across different parameters.

ASCITES DUE TO LIVER DYSFUNCTION IN DOMESTIC CATS Siti Putrindah Mentari; I Gede Soma; Putu Devi Jayanti
Buletin Veteriner Udayana Bul. Vet. Udayana. December 2024 Vol. 16 No. 6
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/bulvet.2024.v16.i06.p15

Ascites can be caused by various factors, generally impaired heart, liver, kidney function, parasitic infestation, and malnutrition. Liver dysfunction is classified as prehepatic, hepatic, and posthepatic. This case study aims to determine how to diagnose and treat ascites cases due to liver dysfunction in cats. A domestic cat named Memeng, a 3-year-old female weighing 1.8 kg, complained of an enlarged abdomen for four months. On clinical examination, abdominal distension was found due to fluid accumulation accompanied by abdominal vein distension, when palpating the abdomen, the liver felt hard and protruding so that the abdomen looked asymmetrical between the two sides of the cat's abdomen, rapid breathing and unbalanced walking. Hematology examination, FIPV kit test and blood chemistry and X-rays were performed twice on the 2nd and 14th days. Hematology examination showed that the case cat had microcytic hypochromic anemia, leukocytosis, neutrophillia, monocytosis, and thrombocytopenia. The FIPV kit test showed negative results. The results of the blood biochemistry examination on the 2nd day showed an increase in Globulin, Alanine aminotransferase, Aspartate aminotransferase, Amylase and a decrease in Albumin values. The blood biochemistry examination on the 14th day showed normal results in all indicators. The results of the X-ray examination on the 2nd day showed radioopacity in the abdominal region indicating fluid accumulation so that the organs were not visible. The X-ray examination on the 14th day showed that the organs in the abdominal region were slightly visible indicating reduced fluid accumulation. Based on the anamnesis, clinical examination, and supporting tests, the case cat was diagnosed with ascites due to impaired liver function with a dubious prognosis. The case cat was treated with Furosemide, Ringer Lactate, Cefotaxime, Dexamethasone, Hematodin, Nutramarin and Albusmin. The cat's food was replaced with Royal canin hepatic. The results of the case cat's treatment improved with reduced fluid in the abdomen, blood chemistry results returned to normal, the stomach began to look smaller, both sides of the abdomen returned to being symmetrical, abdominal vein distension decreased, breathing was normal, walking was balanced, the cat was active again and muscle mass increased. Advice for owners to regularly evaluate their cat's health with a veterinarian.

MANAGEMENT OF TOXOCARIASIS IN A DOMESTIC FEMALE CAT Karolina Virgin Dwi Setyawati; Sri Kayati Widyastuti; Putu Devi Jayanti
Buletin Veteriner Udayana Bul. Vet. Udayana. June 2025 Vol. 17 No. 3
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/bulvet.2025.v17.i03.p24

Toxocariasis is one of the common parasitic disease affecting cats, especially in environments with poor hygiene standards. Cats can become infected by ingesting infective eggs through food and water. This paper aims to report the successful diagnosis and treatment of toxocariasis in a cat. A three-year-old female domestic cat named Pusicat, weighing 1.95 kg, experienced diarrhea lasting more than two months, with feces appearing dark brown to black. Physical examination revealed diarrhea accompanied by reddened, swollen, and sensitive anal mucosa upon palpation. Additionally, during a temperature check, the cat defecated, and the feces contained traces of blood. Laboratory tests included fecal examination using the native method, which detected Toxocara sp. eggs, and routine hematology testing, which indicated leukocytosis with neutrophilia. Based on anamnesis, physical examination, and supporting diagnostic tests, the cat was diagnosed with toxocariasis. The prescribed treatment included the anthelmintic pyrantel pamoate at a dose of 20 mg/kg body weight, administered orally once and repeated 14 days later; the probiotic Lacto-B (½ sachet); and kaolin-pectin at a dose of 2 ml/kg, administered orally every 12 hours. Additionally, the cat’s diet was changed to gastrointestinal wet food. A follow-up evaluation two weeks after treatment showed that the cat no longer had diarrhea, with feces of normal consistency. The anal mucosa appeared normal, pink in color, and no longer swollen. It is concluded that therapy using pyrantel pamoate, probiotics, and antibiotics, along with improved diet and sanitation, successfully accelerated the clinical recovery of the cat within two weeks. It is recommended to administer deworming medication regularly, maintain a clean environment, provide high-quality feed, and ensure access to boiled drinking water to prevent reinfection.

GENERALIZED DERMATITIS IN A MIXED-BREED GERMAN SPITZ DOG Pande Kadek Putra Indrayudha; Putu Devi Jayanti; Putu Ayu Sisyawati Putriningsih
Buletin Veteriner Udayana Bul. Vet. Udayana. June 2025 Vol. 17 No. 3
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/bulvet.2025.v17.i03.p49

Dermatitis is inflammation of the skin that can be caused by several agents such as external irritants, burns, allergens, trauma, and infections (bacterial, viral, parasitic, fungal). This article aims to report the findings of cases of generalized dermatitis in dogs due to Sarcoptes scabiei infestation and Malassezia sp. Infection. The case is a 8 year old male dog with mixed breed German Spitz. The dog was reported experiencing severe pruritus with alopecia all over the body. Physical examination of the animal revealed hyperpigmentation, licenification, crusting, ulceration, scales, rancid and oily odor. The dog’s skin then was scrapped, cytology of impression smear preparations, and acetate tape. The examination results showed the presence of Sarcoptes scabiei mites and Malassesia sp. The animal then was diagnosed as generalised dermatitis due to these two agents. Complete blood count (CBC) was done and the result showed that the animal had hypochromic macrocytic anemia. Causative treatment is done with ivermectin injection on day-0 and day-14 and second drug is fluconazole PO with 24 hour intervals for 7 days. The dog also given a symptomatic therapy using shampoo with lime sulfur and salicilic acid, the dog bathed twice a week for two week and continued once a week for two weeks. Supportive therapy is carried out by administering multivitamins and ferrous fluconate once a day for seven days. Supportive therapy for hair and skin growth is given by fish oil once a day for seven days and continue with administration four times a day until hair growth improves. Therapy for 14 days gave quite good results, marked by a reduction in lesions on the animal's skin, although the dog had not fully recovered. To prevent re-infection, animal environmental sanitation needs to be considered.

CYSTOLITHIASIS IN A STERILE DOMESTIC MALE CAT M Iqbalsyah Rudi; I Putu Gede Yudhi Arjentinia; Putu Devi Jayanti
Buletin Veteriner Udayana Bul. Vet. Udayana. December 2025 Vol. 17 No. 6
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/bulvet.2025.v17.i06.p05

Urolithiasis is a condition where uroliths or crystals form excessively in the urinary tract, such as the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder and urethra. Specifically, the presence of uroliths in the urinary bladder is called cystolithiasis. Risk factors for urolithiasis can include several aspects, namely urinary tract infections, feed, lack of drinking water intake, gender, race, age, and obesity factors. The case cat named Kiko with a domestic short hair breed, 3 years old, male with black and white hair and weighing 6 kg has had difficulty urinating since February 26, 2025. The results of the physical examination showed that the cat had dysuria, stranguria and hematuria. Ultrasonography examination found crystals in the urinary bladder and thickening of the mucosal wall of the urinary bladder. The results of the native and sedimentation examinations showed struvite crystals in the patient's urine. The results of the urine chemistry examination showed an increase in leukocytes and blood in the urine and a urine pH of 8.5. Treatment was carried out by installing a urinary catheter to flush the urinary bladder. Drug therapy given was by administering the antibiotic cefadroxil, the anti-inflammatory dexamethasone, and probiotics. To prevent the risk of this disease recurring, dietary changes were made by providing prescribe urinary feed.

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