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All Journal JURNAL PENDIDIKAN TAMBUSAI Al-Hasyimi : Jurnal Ilmu Hadis
Nur Ainun Mardiah
Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar
Religion Education Social Sciences Other

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Pengembangan Kewenangan Pengadilan Agama dalam Pemberian Sanksi Denda bagi Pelanggar UU Perkawinan Nur Ainun Mardiah; Abdul Halim Talli; Zulhas’ari Mustafa; Eka Mahendra Putra
Jurnal Pendidikan Tambusai Vol. 9 No. 3 (2025): Desember
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai, Riau, Indonesia

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Abstract

Pengaturan perkawinan di Indonesia (UU No. 1/1974 jo. UU No. 16/2019) menghadapi tantangan serius dari praktik perkawinan tidak tercatat (nikah sirri), didorong oleh lemahnya penegakan sanksi yang memadai. Kondisi ini menciptakan ketidakpastian hukum, hilangnya hak-hak keluarga (terutama bagi perempuan dan anak), dan bertentangan dengan prinsip Maqāṣid al-Syarī‘ah, khususnya Hifẓ al-Nasl (perlindungan keturunan) dan Hifẓ al-Mal (perlindungan harta). Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis urgensi penguatan kewenangan Pengadilan Agama (PA) untuk menjatuhkan sanksi denda administratif sebagai solusi penertiban. Secara institusional, PA terbukti siap dengan adanya preseden penanganan sengketa ekonomi syariah. Secara teoretis, sanksi denda tersebut dapat dilegitimasi melalui konsep hukum Islam Ta'zīr (hukuman diskresioner) dan Gharāmah Maliyah (denda harta) untuk mencapai maslahah mursalah (kemaslahatan umum). Model yang diusulkan adalah Itsbat Nikah-Plus, di mana sanksi denda administratif keluarga wajib dikenakan dan diintegrasikan dalam setiap putusan Itsbat Nikah (Penetapan Perkawinan), memanfaatkan proses yudisial untuk menegakkan kepatuhan administrasi. Pemberian sanksi denda yang substansial dan alokasi dana denda yang restoratif (untuk bantuan hukum dan perlindungan korban) melalui Peraturan Mahkamah Agung (PERMA) adalah langkah realistis dan mendesak untuk menutup celah hukum dan memperkuat perlindungan hukum keluarga di Indonesia.
Tinjauan Filosofis Dalam Hadis Tentang Nikah Siri Dalam Hukum Islam Di Indonesia Nur Ainun Mardiah
Al-Hasyimi: Jurnal Ilmu Hadis Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): Al-Hasyimi: Jurnal Ilmu Hadis
Publisher : Al-Hasyimi: Jurnal Ilmu Hadis

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63398/zwz4h144

Abstract

Nikah Siri refers to a form of marriage conducted in accordance with Islamic law but not officially registered with the state, thereby lacking legal recognition under positive law. Although it fulfills the essential elements of Islamic jurisprudence such as the presence of a guardian (wali), witnesses, consent (ijab qabul), and dowry (mahr) the absence of public announcement (i’lan) and state registration leads to significant legal, social, and psychological consequences, particularly for women and children. This study aims to provide a philosophical analysis of the Nikah Siri practice through the lens of Hadith and the Maqasid Shariah framework, to assess its alignment with the fundamental objectives of Islamic law. Utilizing a qualitative method and library research approach, this study analyzes primary sources such as the Quran, Hadith, and statutory regulations (Law No. 1 of 1974, the Compilation of Islamic Law, and Law No. 16 of 2019), as well as relevant secondary literature. The findings reveal that while Nikah Siri may be deemed valid from a formal fiqh perspective, it fails to uphold the core objectives of Maqasid Shariah, particularly in safeguarding lineage (hifz al-nasl), dignity (hifz al-‘irdh), and property (hifz al-mal). The lack of official registration results in unclear legal status for marriages and offspring, deprives women of legal protection, and jeopardizes economic and social rights. Consequently, Nikah Siri not only generates juridical disadvantages but also contradicts the ethical and social goals of Islamic law. These findings advocate for enhanced legal education and the harmonization of religious norms with state regulations as strategic measures for protecting Muslim families.
Co-Authors Abdul Halim Talli Eka Mahendra Putra Zulhas’ari Mustafa