Doni Hafendi
Fakultas Hukum Universitas Tarumanagara

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Analisis Perlindungan Hukum terhadap Korban Tindak Pidana Perdagangan Organ untuk Kepentingan Transplantasi Organ Ginjal Doni Hafendi; Gunardi Lie
Jurnal Hukum Lex Generalis Vol 5 No 12 (2024): Tema Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia
Publisher : CV Rewang Rencang

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Abstract

Human organ trafficking, particularly involving kidneys, constitutes a grave crime that violates human rights and persists despite stringent national and international prohibitions. This crime is perpetrated not only by individuals but also by organized syndicates, including rogue state officials and transnational networks, exploiting societal vulnerabilities such as poverty, low education levels, and limited access to legal information. This study aims to thoroughly examine Indonesia's legal framework concerning human trafficking for kidney transplantation and evaluate the legal protections available to victims. Employing a normative juridical approach, the research analyzes relevant legislation, including the Eradication of Human Trafficking Law, the Health Law, and the Child Protection Law. Additionally, it reviews concrete cases and legal literature to depict real-world legal practices. The findings reveal that, despite existing regulations, legal protection for victims remains ineffective, particularly in terms of assistance, restitution, and rehabilitation. Many victims lack adequate access to justice, and perpetrators, including involved corporations, often escape proportionate legal consequences. The study also identifies normative and implementation challenges, with sanctions deemed insufficient to create a deterrent effect and inter-agency coordination remaining suboptimal.
JUSTICE COLLABORATOR DAN KORUPSI: REKONSTRUKSI PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM DALAM PERSPEKTIF PEMBARUAN HUKUM PIDANA Doni Hafendi; Ahmad Sudiro
Kertha Semaya: Journal Ilmu Hukum Vol. 14 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/KS.2025.v14.i01.p13

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaturan, kedudukan, serta bentuk perlindungan hukum terhadap justice collaborator dalam pemberantasan tindak pidana korupsi di Indonesia. Justice collaborator merupakan pelaku tindak pidana yang bekerja sama dengan aparat penegak hukum untuk mengungkap kejahatan yang lebih besar, sehingga memiliki peran strategis dalam mengungkap tindak pidana korupsi yang bersifat kompleks dan terorganisir. Secara normatif, pengaturan mengenai justice collaborator belum diatur secara eksplisit dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2023 tentang Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana, namun dapat ditemukan secara implisit melalui ketentuan mengenai tujuan pemidanaan dan alasan yang meringankan pidana. Sementara itu, pengakuan terhadap peran justice collaboratorjuga tercermin dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 31 Tahun 1999 jo. Undang-Undang Nomor 20 Tahun 2001 serta diatur secara lebih tegas dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 13 Tahun 2006 jo. Undang-Undang Nomor 31 Tahun 2014. Bentuk perlindungan hukum yang diberikan meliputi perlindungan fisik, perlindungan hukum berupa keringanan pidana, serta perlindungan psikologis dan prosedural. Namun demikian, dalam implementasinya masih terdapat berbagai kendala, seperti belum adanya regulasi yang komprehensif, keterbatasan kapasitas lembaga, lemahnya koordinasi antar aparat penegak hukum, serta adanya stigma negatif dari masyarakat. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan penguatan regulasi, peningkatan koordinasi kelembagaan, serta perubahan budaya hukum guna mengoptimalkan peran justice collaborator dalam pemberantasan tindak pidana korupsi di Indonesia. This study aims to analyze the regulation, position, and legal protection of justice collaborators in combating corruption in Indonesia. A justice collaborator is a perpetrator who cooperates with law enforcement authorities to reveal larger and more complex crimes, thus playing a strategic role in uncovering organized corruption offenses. Normatively, the concept of justice collaborator is not explicitly regulated in Law Number 1 of 2023 concerning the Indonesian Criminal Code, but it can be implicitly derived from provisions regarding sentencing objectives and mitigating factors. Furthermore, recognition of the role of justice collaborators is reflected in Law Number 31 of 1999 in conjunction with Law Number 20 of 2001 and more explicitly regulated in Law Number 13 of 2006 in conjunction with Law Number 31 of 2014. The forms of legal protection provided include physical protection, legal incentives in the form of sentence reduction, as well as psychological and procedural protection. However, its implementation still faces several challenges, such as the absence of comprehensive regulations, limited institutional capacity, weak coordination among law enforcement agencies, and negative social stigma. Therefore, strengthening legal frameworks, improving institutional coordination, and fostering a supportive legal culture are necessary to optimize the role of justice collaborators in combating corruption in Indonesia.