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Analysis of image-forming elements in the urban service center area of Pangkalpinang City Nugraha, Rifqi Adi; Rambe, Aisyah Ronawan; Zuhdi, Ahmad; Putri, Diti Artanti Utami; Mujiburrakhman, Muhammad
Priviet Social Sciences Journal Vol. 5 No. 12 (2025): December 2025
Publisher : Privietlab

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55942/pssj.v5i12.1125

Abstract

Pangkalpinang City is one of the municipalities in Indonesia that was planned to transform into a developed urban environment by 2030. To help achieve the city’s development goal, this study presents an analysis of the spatial structure of the urban service center of Pangkalpinang City, which comprises the Rawa Bangun, Gedung Nasional, Masjid Jamik, Pasar Padi, and Bintang sub-districts, using Kevin Lynch’s image-forming elements, that is, path, edge, district, node, and landmark. A qualitative descriptive method was used to interpret users’ spatial experiences through field observations and supporting secondary data. The results show that the urban service center area is shaped by a complex hierarchical path, natural and artificial edges, diverse functional districts, many nodes in the form of intersections, bridges, a public transport terminal, and ten cultural and non-cultural landmarks. These findings highlight how Pangkalpinang City’s spatial structure and functional patterns may interact to support the city’s public services, and they can guide future spatial planning of the city towards a more integrated and citizen-friendly city.
Real-time Application and Statistical Evaluation of Reservoir Operating Rules Under Inflow Uncertainty in Monte Carlo Simulations Muhammad Mujiburrakhman; Rachmad Jayadi; Istiarto; Indra Nurdianyoto
Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum Vol. 12 No. 3 (September 2026)
Publisher : Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jcef.24906

Abstract

Reservoir Operating Rules (ROR) have been well-known in Indonesia as guidelines for reservoir operation that comprise the release rules and rule curves derived from the dependable inflow time series in dry, normal, and wet conditions. However, likely because of the incoherence of the original application concept of ROR, the real performance of ROR in reservoir operation has so far remained unclear. This paper proposes a practical application concept of ROR and evaluates the performance of its implementation for annual storage conservation and periodic demand satisfaction under inflow uncertainty in the integrated system of Segawe Regulating Weir, Wonorejo Multipurpose Dam, and Tiudan Regulating Dam. The release rules for the three hydraulic structures were integrated into a unified “Wonorejo ROR”throughoptimization of water allocation over 36 ten-day operational periods. The performance of the application of Wonorejo ROR was evaluated based on several operational success and failure events in Monte Carlo simulations, for which 1,000 years of unique and independent synthetic inflow time series were generated from the Thomas–Fiering model. Under the application concept of ROR, the release decisions for the three hydraulic structures were made in real-time solely based on the actual water level of Wonorejo Reservoir and the rule curves of Wonorejo ROR. For comparative purposes, the Monte Carlo simulations were carried out to evaluate two alternatives of Wonorejo ROR, namely ROR-D65 and ROR-D80, which had different dry inflow exceedance probabilities. Based on the specified events in the Monte Carlo simulations, ROR-D65 and ROR-D80 resulted in reliabilities of 76.4% and 81.3% for annual storage conservation, and the lowest reliabilities of 73.9% and 52.4% for periodic demand satisfaction, respectively. In addition, other reservoir operational performancesandacomprehensive interpretation oftheproposed applicationconcept of ROR arepresented in this paper.