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All Journal Journal of Community Development Health & Medical Sciences Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy Research Journal
Khan, Kashif
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Computer Science & IT Dentistry Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Social Sciences

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Narrative Review: The Effect of Counseling on Adherence in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Larasati, Gandis; Ramatillah, Diana; Khan, Kashif
Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy Research Journal Vol. 2 No. 4 (2026): January
Publisher : Indonesian Journal Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47134/scpr.v2i4.5357

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of counseling on medication adherence among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus through a narrative review of 50 national and international articles published between 2020 and 2025. The narrative review method was conducted by selecting journals from Elsevier, MDPI, PubMed, SpringerLink, Wiley, as well as nationally indexed SINTA journals using relevant keywords.The results of the review indicate that pharmacist-led interventions through counseling, including brief counseling, home pharmacy care, and digital media–based education, consistently improved patient knowledge, enhanced medication adherence, and reduced clinical parameters such as blood glucose levels, HbA1c, and HOMA-IR. These interventions also improved patients’ quality of life and disease perception.Based on these findings, it can be concluded that pharmacist-led interventions through structured counseling and pharmaceutical education have a significant positive impact on the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus, particularly in improving patient knowledge, disease perception, and adherence to therapy. Improvements in therapeutic behavior directly contributed to better clinical outcomes, including reductions in blood glucose, HbA1c, HOMA-IR, body weight, and waist circumference after 90 days of intervention. The greatest effects were observed in patients with HbA1c levels > 9%, indicating that high-risk groups derived the greatest benefit from pharmacist involvement in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus.Future studies are recommended to evaluate the long-term effects of counseling and to standardize adherence assessment instruments. Strengthening pharmaceutical care policies is also recommended to improve the quality and consistency of counseling services and to develop sustainable intervention models in primary healthcare settings.
Education Through Poster Media “Flu Is Not The Same as The Common Cold” For Patients at Azim Farma Pharmacy Larasati, Gandis; Ramatillah, Diana; Khan, Kashif
Journal of Community Development Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026): April
Publisher : Indonesian Journal Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47134/comdev.v6i3.1898

Abstract

Myths and misconceptions about flu and the common cold are widespread in society, including the assumptions that flu is the same as the common cold, that influenza vaccination causes illness, or that flu is only a mild illness. These myths are suspected to affect the ability to differentiate between the two illnesses. This counseling activity aims to provide education about the differences between influenza and the common cold, their appropriate management, and to correct misconceptions and myths circulating within the community.. The session was held on Sunday, November 30, 2025, from 10:30 AM to 12:30 PM WIB. The primary target of this counseling was patients at Azim Farma Pharmacy, with a target of 82 participants. The method of implementation was in the form of direct face-to-face interaction, providing education using poster media. The success indicator was measured by comparing pre-test and post-test scores. The results of the activity showed that before the education was given, the majority of respondents (34 respondents, 41.5%) were in the good knowledge category. After the education, the majority (64 respondents, 75.6%) were in the good knowledge category, indicating that the counseling participants were able to receive and understand the information and knowledge well. Statistical analysis using the Wilcoxon test on these results yielded a p-value = 0.000 (p < 0.05), indicating a significant difference before and after the education. This shows that overall, the intervention can be considered successful in improving respondents' understanding of the difference between influenza and the common cold. This counseling has positive implications for health education and promotion efforts in increasing public awareness in differentiating and managing coughs and colds.
Narative Review: Factors Influencing Medication Compliance of Hypertension Patients Putri, Rizka; Rahmatillah, Diana; Khan, Kashif
Health & Medical Sciences Vol. 3 No. 2 (2026): February
Publisher : Indonesian Journal Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47134/phms.v3i2.595

Abstract

Hypertension is a chronic disease that requires long-term therapy to reduce the risk of cardiovascular complications, stroke, and kidney disorders. The success of antihypertensive therapy is largely determined by patient compliance in taking medication) (however, various reports indicate that compliance rates remain suboptimal. This narrative review aims to summarize recent evidence regarding factors influencing medication adherence among patients with hypertension. A systematic literature search was conducted in national and international journals published between 2020 and 2025, using predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The initial search identified 72 articles, of which 25 articles met the eligibility criteria and were included in the final thematic synthesis. The findings indicate that medication compliance is influenced by internal factors (knowledge, motivation, and self-efficacy) and external factors (family support, the role of health workers, perception of illness, and sociodemographic characteristics). Among these factors, treatment motivation and family support were consistently reported as the most dominant determinants of adherence. In conclusion, improving medication compliance in hypertensive patients requires a comprehensive approach that integrates continuous patient education, strengthening the role of health workers, and active family involvement in the treatment process.
Hand Hygiene Education To Improve Healthy Living Behavior At Al-Mahdhuri Islamic Junior High School, West Pesisir Regency, Lampung Putri, Rizka; Rahmatillah, Diana; Khan, Kashif
Health & Medical Sciences Vol. 3 No. 2 (2026): February
Publisher : Indonesian Journal Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47134/phms.v3i2.597

Abstract

Hand hygiene is an effective preventive measure for preventing the transmission of infectious diseases, but its practice among school students remains suboptimal. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of hand hygiene education in improving knowledge and healthy living behaviors among students at SMP IT Al-Mahdhuri in Pesisir Barat Regency, Lampung. The study used a pre-experimental, one-group pretest–posttest design with 107 participants (35 seventh-grade students, 38 eighth-grade students, 34 ninth-grade students, and two teachers). The intervention included educational materials, demonstrations, and practice of the six steps of handwashing according to WHO guidelines. Measurements were conducted using questionnaires before and after the intervention. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive quantitative methods by comparing average pretest and posttest scores, supported by observations of changes in skills and behavior. The results showed an increase in knowledge across all grade levels: seventh-grade students from 56% to 88.8%, eighth-grade students from 61% to 91.6%, and ninth-grade students from 62.3% to 96.5%. Furthermore, there was an increase in students' practical skills and habituation of hygienic behavior. It was concluded that hand hygiene counseling was effective in increasing students' knowledge, skills, and clean and healthy living behavior, thus potentially supporting the prevention of infectious diseases in the school environment.
Co-Authors Larasati, Gandis Putri, Rizka Rahmatillah, Diana Ramatillah, Diana