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All Journal The Indonesian Journal of Infectious Diseases SOCIAL CLINICAL PHARMACY INDONESIA JOURNAL
Maylinda, Tashya Dhela
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health Social Sciences

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Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Antibiotics in Pneumonia Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Victoria, Brigita; Piter, Piter; Aviatin, Memy; Siahaan, Selma Arsit Selto; Maylinda, Tashya Dhela
The Indonesian Journal of Infectious Diseases Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025): The Indonesian Journal of Infectious Diseases
Publisher : Rumah Sakit Penyakit Infeksi Prof Dr. Sulianti Saroso

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32667/ijid.v11i2.553

Abstract

Background: Pneumonia poses a high clinical and economic burden, particularly in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Selecting the appropriate antibiotic is essential to ensure both clinical effectiveness and cost efficiency. This study aimed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of fluoroquinolone monotherapy compared to beta-lactam–macrolide combination therapy in BPJS inpatients with pneumonia and comorbid type 2 DM at Prof. Dr. Sulianti Saroso Infectious Diseases Hospital (RSPI) during 2023–2024. Methods: This retrospective observational study used a cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) approach, drawing on medical record data. Effectiveness was measured based on the Pneumonia Severity Index (PSI) and length of stay, while total direct medical costs were analyzed to calculate the Average Cost-Effectiveness Ratio (ACER).   Results: There was no significant difference in effectiveness or total direct medical costs between the two regimens. However, fluoroquinolone monotherapy had lower total costs (Rp10,090,591) and a smaller ACER value than the beta-lactam–macrolide combination (Rp13,386,045), suggesting that monotherapy was more cost-effective despite similar clinical outcomes. Conclusion: Although statistical differences were not significant, fluoroquinolone monotherapy appeared more cost-effective than beta-lactam–macrolide combination therapy for pneumonia patients with comorbid type 2 DM. These findings may support pharmacoeconomic-based decision-making in antibiotic selection. The study’s limitations include a small sample size, a single-center setting, and a retrospective design, which may affect generalizability.  
Determinan Dan Pola Konsumsi Antibiotik Pada Balita Dengan Diare di Indonesia: Analisis Data Demographic Health Survey 2017 Maylinda, Tashya Dhela; Yulianto, Rivai Endra Dwi
SOCIAL CLINICAL PHARMACY INDONESIA JOURNAL Vol 10, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52447/scpij.v10i2.9258

Abstract

Diarrhea is still the second leading cause of death for children under five years of age. Deaths of children under five years due to diarrhea are caused by unsafe water, inadequate sanitation, and hygiene. Socio-demographic characteristics, environment, behavior, and parenting practices are factors associated with diarrhea in children under five years in Indonesia. The use of antibiotics in the treatment of diarrhea needs more attention. Antibiotic resistance can occur if its use is not based on a proper diagnosis. This study was conducted to examine the factors that influence the incidence of diarrhea in children under five years of age. This study also looked at the prevalence of treatment centers for diarrhea patients and the use of antibiotics for the treatment of diarrhea in children under five years of age. The data used is cross-sectional data on children under five living in households in Indonesia taken from the 2017 DHS survey through data collections and survey reports. Descriptive analyzes were performed on survey reports and datasets related to demographics, the prevalence of diarrheal diseases, and the use of antibiotics for the treatment of diarrhea. Significance analysis was conducted to see whether the selected variables had an effect on the incidence of diarrhea in children under five years of age. Gender, age, location of residence (urban or rural), wealth level, mother's education level and the main material of the house floor are significant factors influencing the incidence of diarrhea in children under five years. Puskesmas is a place to seek treatment for diarrhea which is most frequently visited by children under five years old (20.99%). 10.9% of pediatric patients with diarrhea visited more than one health facility. Private hospitals are the places that most often give antibiotics to children under five years of age who have diarrhea (25%). Antibiotics were given not only by licensed health care facilities but also by other places visited by respondents, namely traditional birth attendants, grocery stores, and other sources.
Co-Authors Aviatin, Memy piter, piter Siahaan, Selma Arsit Selto Victoria, Brigita Yulianto, Rivai Endra Dwi