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All Journal Global Strategis Aliansi : Jurnal Politik, Keamanan Dan Hubungan Internasional
Hapsari, Karina Erdian
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IMPLEMENTASI DEFENCE DIPLOMACY MILITER INDONESIA DALAM UPAYA PERDAMAIAN KONFLIK LEBANON Wibawa, Satriya; Sudirman, Arfin; Selian, Hanan Tasmika; Hakiki, Falhan; Hapsari, Karina Erdian; Djuyandi, Yusa
Aliansi Vol 4, No 3 (2025): Aliansi : Jurnal Politik, Keamanan Dan Hubungan Internasional
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/aliansi.v4i3.67801

Abstract

Perang saudara Lebanon yang belum terselesaikan menimbulkan konflik baru antara Israel dan Lebanon pada tahun 2006. Berdasarkan Resolusi DK PBB 1701 dan Undang-undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia 1945, Indonesia diperbolehkan mengirimkan pasukan penjaga perdamaian di bawah United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL) untuk rekonsiliasi di Lebanon. Konsekuensinya, peran Indonesia dalam defence diplomacy menjadi penting untuk menyelesaikan konflik Lebanon. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan data sekunder dari studi literatur, jurnal, berita, dan sumber daring yang berkaitan dengan implementasi defence diplomacy militer Indonesia dalam upaya perdamaian konflik Lebanon. Data-data tersebut kemudian divalidasi dengan triangulasi data lewat mencocokan kesesuaian data dari peacekeepers Indonesia, Kementerian Pertahanan, dan Kementerian Luar Negeri Republik Indonesia, serta juga membandingkannya terhadap berbagai sumber data sekunder lainnya. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa sampai batas tertentu, Indonesia telah berhasil melakukan tujuan defence diplomacy melalui misi Civil-Military Coordination (CIMIC). Selain itu, militer Indonesia telah membangun kembali citra masa lalunya di mata dunia internasional dan memperkuat Confidece Building Measures (CBM) di antara negara-negara yang terlibat dalam misi perdamaian di Lebanon maupun negara-negara pendonor. Dengan keberhasilan kegiatan defence diplomacy, Indonesia membuka jalan untuk menjalin kerja sama baru dengan aktor negara atau non-negara di bidang pertahanan dan lainnya. The unresolved Lebanese Civil War precipitated a new conflict between Israel and Lebanon in 2006. In accordance with UN Security Council Resolution 1701 and the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, Indonesia was authorized to deploy peacekeeping forces under the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL) to support reconciliation efforts. Consequently, Indonesia's role in defense diplomacy became pivotal in resolving the conflict. This study employs a qualitative method utilizing secondary data derived from literature reviews, academic journals, news reports, and online sources pertaining to the implementation of Indonesian military defence diplomacy in peace efforts for the Lebanon conflict. The collected data were subsequently validated through triangulation by cross-referencing information from Indonesian peacekeepers, the Ministry of Defence, and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia, as well as comparing it with various secondary sources. The findings reveal that, to a certain extent, Indonesia has successfully achieved its defense diplomacy objectives through the Civil-Military Coordination (CIMIC) mission. Furthermore, the Indonesian military has restored its international reputation and strengthened Confidence Building Measures (CBM) among nations involved in the peacekeeping mission as well as donor countries. Through the success of these defense diplomacy activities, Indonesia has paved the way for establishing new cooperation with state and non-state actors in the defense sector and beyond.
Microsoft’s Strategic Transformation through Data Center Development in Indonesia Hapsari, Karina Erdian; Hakiki, Falhan
Global Strategis Vol. 20 No. 1 (2026): Global Strategis
Publisher : Department of International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Science, Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jgs.20.1.2026.221-244

Abstract

The Covid-19 pandemic has benefitted technology corporations due to the urgent need for large-scale digital transformation. Microsoft, for instance, collaborated with the Indonesian government in the development of its first data center in the country. This case is particularly notable, as Microsoft was able to assert its presence amid the uncertainty caused by the pandemic. This qualitative approach uses the main theory of corporate-state alliance and technology-driven as supporting theory to demonstrate the need for both actors to survive in the pandemic era and the shift in Microsoft’s development. Two key findings emerge. First, there is a balance of needs between the two actors. Second, there is an economic variable. The balance of needs reflects the equally strong positions of the state and the corporation, while the economic variable refers to the mutual economic benefits gained by both parties. This article concludes that the crisis could be a “turning point” for Microsoft and the Indonesian government to achieve greater profits, particularly in terms of business potential compared to normal situations.Keywords: Corporate-State Alliance, Covid-19 Pandemic, Microsoft, Indonesian Government, Data Center Development Pandemi Covid-19 telah menguntungkan korporasi yang bergerak di bidang teknologi karena kebutuhan mendesak akan transformasi digital secara masif. Microsoft, misalnya, bekerja sama dengan pemerintah Indonesia terkait dengan pembangunan pusat data pertama di Indonesia. Hal tersebut cukup unik karena Microsoft mampu menunjukkan eksistensinya dalam ketidakpastian akibat pandemi. Tulisan dengan pendekatan kualitatif ini menggunakan teori utama aliansi korporasi-negara dan teori technology driven sebagai pendukung untuk menunjukkan adanya kebutuhan bertahan kedua aktor di era pandemi serta adanya pergeseran perkembangan Microsoft. Terdapat dua temuan penting, yaitu pertama, ada keseimbangan kebutuhan kedua aktor dan kedua, adanya variabel ekonomi. Keseimbangan kebutuhan korporasi-negara menggambarkan posisi kedua aktor tersebut yang sama kuat. Sementara itu, variabel ekonomi mengarah pada keuntungan ekonomi yang diperoleh kedua pihak. Tulisan ini berkesimpulan bahwa situasi krisis bisa menjadi “titik poin” bagi Microsoft dan pemerintah Indonesia untuk mendapatkan keuntungan lebih, khususnya dalam potensi bisnis dibandingkan saat situasi normal.Kata-kata Kunci: Aliansi Korporasi-Negara, Pandemi Covid-19, Microsoft, Pemerintah Indonesia, Pembangunan Pusat Data
Co-Authors Arfin Sudirman Hakiki, Falhan Satriya Wibawa, I Made Selian, Hanan Tasmika Yusa Djuyandi