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Muttakin, Izhar
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Education Social Sciences

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ENVIRONMENTAL ETHICS IN THE THOUGHT OF SAID NURSI: RELEVANCE TO THE ECOLOGICAL CRISIS IN SOUTH KALIMANTAN Muttakin, Izhar; Norhidayat; Ahmad Mujahid
As-Sulthan Journal of Education Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): Januari
Publisher : As-Sulthan Journal of Education

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The climate crisis in South Kalimantan represents not only an ecological breakdown but also a profound spiritual crisis caused by the loss of tawhidic consciousness in modern humanity. This study explores the relevance of Bediuzzaman Said Nursi’s thought to Islamic environmental ethics in the context of South Kalimantan’s ecological crisis. Using a theological-ecological approach through content analysis of Risale-i Nur and empirical data from BMKG, WALHI, and the Provincial Environmental Agency (DLH), this research demonstrates that Nursi’s ideas provide a conceptual foundation for an eco-spiritual ethics paradigm grounded in ecological tawhid, the trust of khalifah, and ukhuwah makhlukiyah (universal kinship of beings). From a Sufi perspective, nature is viewed as the Book of God (kitâbullâh), reflecting the Divine Names and functioning as a cosmic dhikr of creation. Hence, ecological degradation is understood as a manifestation of humanity’s spiritual failure to maintain divine balance. By integrating Sufi spirituality with Banjar local wisdom, this article expands the horizon of Islamic ecotheology from its Middle Eastern center toward a transformative and sustainable tropical Southeast Asian perspective.
TAREKAT KHALWATIYAH DI MESIR DAN BANJA; DIALEKTIKA SPIRITUALITAS DAN TRANSFORMASI SOSIAL DALAM ARUS MODERNITAS Muttakin, Izhar
As-Sulthan Journal of Education Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): Januari
Publisher : As-Sulthan Journal of Education

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This article examines the dialectic between spirituality and social transformation in the practice of the Khalwatiyah Order in two different cultural contexts beetwen Egypt and Banjar (South Kalimantan). By combining a social Sufism approach and social transformation theory, this study shows how the order acts as a spiritual and social force that is adaptive to the currents of modernity. In Egypt, the Khalwatiyah Order grew within the framework of urban Sufism integrated with the Al-Azhar scientific institution, demonstrating the order's ability to respond to modernity by emphasizing Qur'anic rationality and morality. Meanwhile, in Banjar, the teachings of Khalwatiyah are manifested through the Sammaniyah Order, which is deeply rooted in local traditions and the charismatic authority of the ulama, particularly through the figure of K.H. Muhammad Zaini Ghani (Guru Sekumpul). This study finds that both contexts show different patterns of spiritual adaptation but both affirm the role of the order as an agent of social transformation and a bridge for Islamic transnationalism. Thus, the order functions not only as a space for spiritual guidance but also as an arena for the negotiation of values, identity, and cultural resistance to the challenges of global modernity.
Co-Authors Ahmad Mujahid Norhidayat