Woruntu, Valdo Vreden
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CHRISTIAN FORGIVENESS, RECONCILIATION, AND CONGREGATIONAL LIFE: QUANTITATIVE EVIDENCE FROM GMIM CHURCHES IN INDONESIA Woruntu, Valdo Vreden; Tumiwa, Evi Stans Evlin; Komaling, Olga Neltje; Sandiata , Sekry Evan
SOSIOEDUKASI Vol 14 No 4 (2025): SOSIOEDUKASI : JURNAL ILMIAH ILMU PENDIDIKAN DAN SOSIAL
Publisher : Fakultas Keguruan Dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universaitas PGRI Banyuwangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36526/sosioedukasi.v14i4.6695

Abstract

This paper reports a quantitative research on CM Christian forgiveness, reconciliation, and life in GMIM churches in Indonesia. This study examines the actualization of theological beliefs regarding forgiveness in daily relationships using a cross-sectional survey of adult members of various congregations and their role in the vitality of congregations. The concept of forgiveness is heavily asserted as a non-negotiable Christian ministry, and it is commonly experienced as peace in the soul. Respondents associated the forgiveness of other people with obedience to God and the release of anger and bitterness, and they considered other spiritual practices, such as prayer, to be relevant supports towards release. Simultaneously, the participants have a reticent and discriminating attitude: they note that they find it more demanding to forgive serious or recurrent crimes, and they always distinguish between intrapersonal forgiveness and interpersonal reconciliation. It is typically considered that reconciliation would only be acceptable where there is repentance, change of behavior, and relational safety, and in most cases under the mediation of pastors or elders. The sense of congregational climate indicates that teaching forgiveness is perceived to be consistent and clear, and practices of conflict handling and leadership modelling are perceived to be uneven. The patterns of correlation show that a better sense of belonging, perceived unity, and active engagement in ministries are linked to stronger forgiveness and reconciliation orientations. This study concludes that forgiveness and reconciliation are not just theological principles but also practical sources of congregational well-being and valuable tools in Christian witness in a plural and postcolonial society.
ECOLOGICAL THEOLOGY IN INDONESIAN CHRISTIAN SCHOLARSHIP: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW OF ECOTHEOLOGY, 2000–2025 Sandiata, Sekry Evan; Suoth, Vanny Nancy; Tarumingi, Denny Adry; Palempung, Rivay Bobby; Woruntu, Valdo Vreden
SOSIOEDUKASI Vol 14 No 4 (2025): SOSIOEDUKASI : JURNAL ILMIAH ILMU PENDIDIKAN DAN SOSIAL
Publisher : Fakultas Keguruan Dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universaitas PGRI Banyuwangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36526/sosioedukasi.v14i4.6701

Abstract

Ecological crises in Indonesia, such as rapid deforestation, the spread of mining, loss of biodiversity, climate, and frequent disasters, overlap with each other and require more frequent theological and technical solutions (Margono et al., 2014; Sodhi et al., 2004; Steffen et al., 2015). As the largest archipelagic state in the world, with Christian communities of different denominations widely distributed throughout the country, Indonesian Christian scholarship has begun to develop particular models of ecological theology. However, this new area is still divided, and there is not much systematic systematization of its thematic, methodological, and contextual developments (Golo and Yusuf 2018). In this article, a systematic literature review on the topic is conducted using PRISMA to examine Indonesian Christian ecotheology to from 20002025. Nine databases of academic sources ( Scopus, Web of Science, Atla Religion Database, ProQuest Religion and Philosophy, EBSCOhost, DOAJ, GARUDA, Neliti, and major repositories of theological collections) revealed 1,847 records, and 68 studies were selected after screening and eligibility tools. Quality appraisal was an integration of the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) (used to assess empirical works) (Hong et al., 2018) and a modified theological assessment framework (Vanhoozer, 2005; Schreiter, 1985). Data synthesis was performed based on descriptive statistics, mapping of key word co-occurrence, and thematic analysis (Sandelowski et al., 2006; Thomas and Harden, 2008). The results indicate rapid growth since 2016, denominational diversity, and five master themes: doctrinal foundations, indigenous cosmologies and land/sea relations, ecclesial practices and eco-spirituality, public and justice-oriented ecotheology, and methodological developments. Indonesian ecotheology also contributes to the global discourse through its adat, archipelagic and disaster experiences, and postcolonial critique, although there are still gaps in Papua-Maluku ecotheology, Pentecostal ecotheology, marine theology and urban theology, and outcome-oriented research.