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Development Trends of E-Modules in Science Education for Fostering 21st-Century Skills: A Narrative Review Gunawan, Gunawan; Herayanti, Lovy; Shiddiq, Muhammad Hilmy As
Indonesian Journal of STEM Education Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): Edisi Januari-Juni 2026 (On Progress)
Publisher : Indonesian Publication Center

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Abstract

The post-pandemic integration of technology in education has accelerated the transformation of teaching materials from print to digital formats. This study aims to provide a narrative review of current trends in the development of electronic modules (E-Modules) in science education, specifically focusing on fostering 21st-century skills. By analyzing recent literature (2021–2025), this review identifies a shift from mere content digitalization to the creation of complex interactive media. Key findings indicate that: (1) Current E-Module development is dominated by the integration of active pedagogical models, particularly Problem-Based Learning (PBL) and STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) approaches; (2) There is a distinctive trend of merging digital technology with local wisdom (Ethnoscience) to enhance learning relevance; and (3) The primary learning outcomes targeted are critical thinking, science literacy, and problem-solving skills. This review concludes that modern E-Modules no longer function solely as passive reading resources but as interactive learning environments that effectively bridge scientific conceptual understanding with future competency demands.
Innovations in Elementary School Health Promotion Programs: An Integrative Review Muhammad Hilmy As Shiddiq; Gunawan Gunawan; Hamsu Kadriyan; Baik Nilawati Astini; Ni Made Yeni Suranti
Indonesian Journal of Elementary and Childhood Education Vol. 6 No. 4 (2025): Edisi Desember 2025
Publisher : Indonesian Publication Center

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Elementary schools represent a strategic setting for instilling healthy behaviors early in life, as children are in a critical period of habit and character formation. Along with the evolution of educational practices, conventional health education methods have shifted toward more interactive, participatory, and holistic approaches. This study aims to explore and synthesize recent innovations and strategies in implementing health programs in elementary schools. An integrative review design was applied by analyzing 44 selected articles, including quantitative, qualitative, and experimental studies. The reviewed literature focuses on interventions related to physical health, mental health, and dental health among elementary school students. The findings identify four main clusters of program innovation: the use of creative media and gamification to enhance health knowledge, classroom-based mental health interventions such as deep breathing and mindfulness, the integration of physical education to address obesity prevention and character development, and comprehensive school health management that emphasizes the role of teachers and supportive school policies. The review concludes that health programs in elementary schools are shifting from one-way counseling toward more engaging and participatory interventions, with multidimensional approaches demonstrating greater effectiveness in improving student health outcomes.
Factors Affecting Adherence to Iron-Folic Acid Supplementation Among Adolescent Girls: An Integrative Review Muhammad Hilmy As Shiddiq; Ima Arum Lestarini; Novia Andansari Putri Restuningdyah
Indonesian Journal of Applied Science and Technology Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): Edisi Januari-Juni 2025
Publisher : Indonesian

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Abstract

Adherence to Iron-Folic Acid (IFA) supplementation is a critical strategy in preventing and overcoming anemia among adolescent girls. However, compliance rates remain inconsistent across various regions. This integrative review aims to identify and synthesize the multi-dimensional factors influencing adherence to IFA supplementation among adolescent girls. A total of 28 relevant studies, including quantitative, qualitative, and systematic reviews, were analyzed. The findings indicate that adherence is determined by several key factors: (1) Individual factors, including knowledge of anemia, attitudes towards supplements, and personal motivation; (2) Social and environmental support, particularly the crucial roles of family (parents) and school environments (teacher supervision); and (3) Programmatic interventions, such as culture-based nutrition education and the use of digital health applications. Barriers such as fear of side effects and lack of consistent information were also identified. This review concludes that a multi-sectoral approach involving schools and families, supported by innovative educational media, is essential to improve compliance and ensure the success of anemia prevention programs.