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Julia Megawati Djamal
Universitas Muhammadiyah Manado
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Social Sciences

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Identification of Bioactive Compounds from Cocoa Fruit Skin ( Theobroma Cacao L.) with Variations in Solvent Polarity Properties Ahlan Sangkal; Julia Megawati Djamal; Rifani Hutami Supardi
International Journal Of Health Science Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): International Journal of Health
Publisher : Lembaga Pengembangan Kinerja Dosen

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55606/ijhs.v5i2.5676

Abstract

Bioactive compounds are chemical compounds formed through metabolic processes in plants, contributing to their beneficial properties. Cocoa fruit, derived from 22 cultivated Theobroma species, contains a variety of bioactive compounds that offer several health benefits. Identifying these bioactive compounds in plants can be achieved through extraction using various solvents, depending on their polarity properties. This study aims to explore the content of bioactive compounds in dried cocoa fruit peel (Theobroma cacao L.) extract, focusing on variations in solvent polarity. The results of the study showed that the 96% ethanol extract (polar solvent) of cocoa fruit peel contained a range of bioactive compounds, including flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, and saponins. Ethanol, being a polar solvent, effectively extracted a variety of bioactive compounds due to its ability to dissolve polar substances. This extract is significant due to its wide range of potential health benefits attributed to the presence of flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, and saponins, all known for their antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory properties. Additionally, the acetone extract (semi-polar solvent) of cocoa fruit peel also contained alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, and saponins. Acetone, as a semi-polar solvent, was able to extract a variety of compounds with moderate polarity, making it a versatile solvent for bioactive compound extraction. The presence of alkaloids and saponins in this extract indicates its potential use for various medicinal purposes. On the other hand, the n-Hexane extract (non-polar solvent) of cocoa fruit peel produced primarily alkaloids and terpenoids. Hexane, being non-polar, tends to extract non-polar compounds, which include alkaloids and terpenoids known for their various biological activities. In conclusion, the study demonstrates the varying effectiveness of solvents with different polarities in extracting bioactive compounds from cocoa fruit peel, which can be utilized for health-promoting purposes.
Uji Aktivitas Dan Formulasi Sediaan Sampo Ekstrak Daun Nilam (Pogostemon Cablin Benth.) Terhadap Malassezia Furfur Julia Megawati Djamal; Asti Artika Arbie; Alya Meisyara Pusila; Afrid Trifena Puteri Kanalung; Sri Nindi Saribulan; Farhan Didipu
Jurnal Ners Vol. 10 No. 3 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/jn.v10i3.56738

Abstract

Dandruff is a condition characterized by abnormal flaking of the scalp. The cause of dandruff is still unknown, but Malassezia furfur can generally cause dandruff. Patchouli leaves (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) contain chemical compounds including essential oils, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, phenols, terpenoids, and steroids, which have antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-dandruff properties. The purpose of this study was to determine the formulation of shampoo preparations and the activity of patchouli leaves (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) against Malassezia furfur. The stages of this study were sample preparation, extract preparation, stock solution preparation, test medium preparation, test fungus preparation, fungus suspension, patchouli leaf extract activity test, shampoo preparation, and physical stability evaluation. The best formulation for an anti-dandruff shampoo preparation was formula I with a 1% HPMC concentration, and the strongest inhibitory activity against Malassezia furfur was observed at a 30% concentration with an inhibition zone diameter of 33.25 mm.
Co-Authors Afrid Trifena Puteri Kanalung Ahlan Sangkal Alya Meisyara Pusila Asti Artika Arbie Farhan Didipu Rifani Hutami Supardi Sri Nindi Saribulan