Bajury, Mimi Sintia Mohd
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Digital Advertising as a Threat to Consumer Privacy: A Comparative Legal Analysis Nurlaily, Nurlaily; Sudirman, Lu; Bajury, Mimi Sintia Mohd; Disemadi, Hari Sutra; Silviani, Ninne Zahara
QONUN: Jurnal Hukum Islam dan Perundang-undangan Vol 9 No 2 (2025)
Publisher : FASYA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21093/qj.v9i2.12656

Abstract

The rapid growth of digital advertising as a key component of the digital economy has intensified concerns over the protection of personal data and privacy rights. The primary legal problem addressed in this research is the inability of Indonesia’s current data protection framework to adequately regulate data-driven digital advertising practices and prevent unlawful identification of individuals, particularly when compared to South Korea’s more advanced regulatory regime. This study aims to comparatively analyze the legal frameworks governing personal data and privacy protection in digital advertising in Indonesia and South Korea and to propose a legal development model for Indonesia. This research employs a normative legal research method using a comparative statutory approach, focusing on Indonesia’s Law on Personal Data Protection and South Korea’s Personal Information Protection Act, along with its enforcement regulations. Legal norms are examined through statutory provisions and supported by relevant legal and academic literature. The findings demonstrate substantial regulatory disparities between the two countries. South Korea has established a comprehensive and technologically responsive legal framework, incorporating detailed data classification, recognition of pseudonymized data, strict profiling limitations, and strong institutional enforcement. In contrast, Indonesia’s legal framework remains structurally limited, relies heavily on undelivered implementing regulations, and insufficiently addresses indirect identification and advanced data-processing practices in digital advertising. This study proposes targeted legal reforms for Indonesia, including the integration of pseudonymization, enhanced data classification, criminalization of unlawful identification, and mandatory tracking notifications to strengthen privacy protection in the digital advertising ecosystem.
IPR-Based Sustainable Tourism: Comparative Analysis of Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand Disemadi, Hari Sutra; Bajury, Mimi Sintia Mohd; Nurlaily, Nurlaily; Anggraini, Ratih; Sihombing, Dame Afrina
Legality : Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum Vol. 34 No. 1 (2026): March
Publisher : Faculty of Law, University of Muhammadiyah Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22219/ljih.v34i1.43454

Abstract

This article discusses the potential of IPR-based sustainable tourism in Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand, three Southeast Asian countries with immense cultural resources that can further develop the tourism industry. This analysis primarily assesses the adequacy of the relevant regulatory frameworks in bridging sustainability and tourism, particularly by utilising the relevant IPR regimes. Employing the normative legal research method, this study finds that all three countries are for the most part, normatively inadequate to adopt an IPR-based sustainable tourism system, due to the lack of emphasis on ‘social interests’ with regards to community development and its connection with the bigger and more urgent objective of environmental sustainability. However, the study also notes that Indonesia stands out as the country with the most comprehensive and locally sensitive IPR frameworks. These frameworks potentially facilitate a harmonious connection between the three domains through the perspective of Roscoe Pound’s Sociological Jurisprudence, specifically how law is viewed as an instrument for social engineering, which serves the objective of moving the tourism sector and its stakeholders towards a more sustainable approach.