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All Journal Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan (JIKA) Journal of Scientific Insights Jurnal Teknologi dan Sains Modern
Muhtar, Nurul Inaya
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Education Engineering Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Social Sciences Other

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Nanoemulsion Purified Catechin Gambir (Uncaria gambir Roxb.): Formulation and Antimicrobial Activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter aerogenes Muhtar, Nurul Inaya; Mita, Soraya Ratnawulan; Kusuma, Sri Agung Fitri
Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan (JIKA) Vol. 7 No. 2 (2025): Volume 7 Nomor 2 Agustus 2025
Publisher : Sarana Ilmu Indonesia (Salnesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36590/jika.v7i2.1368

Abstract

Gambir (Uncaria gambir Roxb), a plant native to Indonesia, has long been recognized in traditional medicine. The primary active component in gambir is catechin, which possesses various biological activities, including broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties. However, catechin faces challenges related to low stability, necessitating its formulation into a nanoemulsion to enhance both its stability and effectiveness. This study aims to evaluate whether an optimized nanoemulsion formulation of catechin can improve its antimicrobial activity. The methodology includes assessing the antimicrobial effectiveness of catechin powder and catechin nanoemulsion using the agar diffusion method, as well as determining the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) through the microdilution method. Antimicrobial activity was tested against three bacterial strains: Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027, and Enterobacter aerogenes ATCC 13048. The optimal formulation consisted of a combination of Tween 80 and Span 80 as surfactants (15%), PEG 400 as a co-surfactant (7%), and isopropyl myristate (IPM) as the oil phase (10%). This nanoemulsion formulation demonstrated a transmittance value of 91,9%. Based on the antimicrobial activity results, the catechin nanoemulsion exhibited enhanced antimicrobial effects compared to catechin powder. The nanoemulsion containing 2% catechin showed the highest antimicrobial activity against all three tested bacteria. These findings are expected to provide new insights into the potential application of catechin nanoemulsion as a more effective antimicrobial agent.
Active Compounds of Usnea Lichen and Their Potential as Pharmaceutical Raw Materials: A Review of Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Activities Musdalifah, A.; Nurul Inaya Muhtar
Journal of Scientific Insights Vol. 2 No. 6 (2025): December
Publisher : Science Tech Group

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.69930/jsi.v2i6.708

Abstract

Lichens represent a unique symbiotic system and an important yet relatively underexplored source of bioactive natural products. Among them, the genus Usnea has attracted considerable scientific interest due to its chemically diverse secondary metabolites and wide range of pharmacological activities. However, current knowledge integrating phytochemical diversity, pharmacological mechanisms, and safety considerations remains fragmented. Therefore, this review aims to systematically summarize the major bioactive compounds identified in Usnea species and critically evaluate their pharmacological potential as pharmaceutical raw materials. Particular attention is given to polyketide-derived metabolites, including usnic acid, depsides, and depsidones, which exhibit diverse phenolic structures and contribute to antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activities through mechanisms such as membrane disruption, free radical scavenging, modulation of inflammatory pathways, and apoptosis induction. Furthermore, toxicity concerns, especially hepatotoxicity associated with high-dose usnic acid, are discussed to highlight the need for improved safety evaluation and formulation strategies. The exploration of Usnea-derived natural products also supports global health initiatives, particularly the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), including SDG 3.4 (reducing premature mortality from non-communicable diseases) and SDG 3.b (promoting research and development of new medicines). Overall, Usnea represents a promising source of bioactive compounds for sustainable natural product-based pharmaceutical development.
Review Artikel: Pemanfaatan Senyawa Katekin sebagai Bahan Baku Sediaan Farmasi Nurul Inaya Muhtar
Jurnal Teknologi dan Sains Modern Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): Januari-Februari
Publisher : CV. Science Tech Group

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.69930/jtsm.v3i1.709

Abstract

Katekin merupakan senyawa golongan flavonol dan mempunyai banyak aktivitas yang dapat dimanfaatkan dalam bidang industri farmasi obat maupun kosmetika. Manfaat katekin antaralain sebagai antimikroba, antioksidan, antiinflamasi dan lainnya. Katekin dapat diperoleh dari berbagai sumber tanaman, antara lain Uncaria gambir Roxb, teh hijau, Wungu (Graptophyllum pictum L.), Canarium patentinervium Miq, dan Pentace burmanica Kurz. Artikel ini membahas terkait berbagai macam aktivitas yang dapat dihasilkan dari senyawa katekin yang diperoleh dari tumbuhan. Kajian ini diharapkan dapat mendukung pengembangan bahan baku farmasi berbasis sumber daya alam yang berkelanjutan, sehingga berkontribusi pada pencapaian Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), khususnya tujuan kesehatan yang baik dan kesejahteraan (SDG 3) serta pemanfaatan sumber daya hayati secara berkelanjutan.
Co-Authors Musdalifah, A. SORAYA RATNAWULAN MITA, SORAYA RATNAWULAN Sri Agung Fitri Kusuma, Sri Agung