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All Journal International Journal of Multidisciplinary Sciences and Arts Global Advances in Science, Engineering & Technology (GASET)
Hafizh, Alfi
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Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Economics, Econometrics & Finance Electrical & Electronics Engineering Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media

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Modeling Validation of Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) Measurements Using ESP8266 Sipahutar, Erwinsyah; Oktrison, Oktrison; Hafizh, Alfi; Candra, Rudi Arif; Budiansyah, Arie
International Journal of Multidisciplinary Sciences and Arts Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): International Journal of Multidisciplinary Sciences and Arts, Article April 202
Publisher : Information Technology and Science (ITScience)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47709/ijmdsa.v5i2.8076

Abstract

The rapid proliferation of indoor Internet of Things (IoT) systems has intensified the need for cost-effective and energy-efficient wireless coverage extension solutions. Conventional commercial WiFi repeaters are often over-provisioned in terms of hardware capability and power consumption, making them unsuitable for small-scale IoT laboratories and energy-constrained environments. Although microcontroller-based platforms such as the ESP32 have been widely used for IoT gateways, their systematic evaluation as Network Address Translation (NAT)-based WiFi repeaters remains limited. This paper presents the design, implementation, and experimental performance evaluation of a low-cost ESP32-based NAT WiFi repeater for indoor IoT networks. The proposed architecture operates in dual-mode (Station + Access Point) configuration using a single 2.4 GHz radio interface and software-based NAT forwarding. Hardware optimization, including Bluetooth deactivation and transmission power tuning, is applied to reduce energy overhead. Experimental measurements conducted in an indoor laboratory environment evaluate throughput, latency, received signal strength indicator (RSSI), and power consumption. Results indicate that the proposed system achieves 15–35 Mbps throughput under single-client conditions, with an average latency increase of 3–8 ms compared to direct router connections. The repeater improves signal strength by up to 18 dB in weak-coverage areas, extending effective indoor coverage by approximately 10–20 m. Measured power consumption remains below 1.2 W during active forwarding, significantly lower than typical commercial repeaters. The main contribution of this work lies in providing a quantified energy–performance characterization of a microcontroller-based NAT repeater.
Power Efficiency Evaluation of Low-Cost IoT Repeater in Indoor Wireless Networks: Politeknik Aceh Selatan Campus Case Study Sipahutar, Erwinsyah; Hafizh, Alfi; Fauza , Rial; Candra, Rudi Arif
Global Advances in Science, Engineering & Technology (GASET) Vol. 1 No. 2 (2025): Global Advances in Science, Engineering & Technology (GASET), Article Research
Publisher : Politeknik Aceh Selatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62671/gaset.v1i2.252

Abstract

Low-cost Wi-Fi repeaters are increasingly deployed in smart campus environments to enhance indoor wireless coverage; however, their energy performance under realistic traffic conditions remains insufficiently quantified. This paper presents a comprehensive experimental evaluation of the power efficiency of an ESP8266-based IoT repeater operating in simultaneous Access Point and Station (AP+STA) mode over IEEE 802.11n (2.4 GHz). Unlike prior studies focusing primarily on protocol-level optimization or simulation-based relay models, this work provides hardware-level, real-time power characterization under controlled multi-client traffic scenarios. Experimental measurements demonstrate that average power consumption increases from 0.26 W (78 mA) in idle mode to 0.60 W (182 mA) with a single active client and up to 0.87 W (264 mA) under five-client high-load conditions. The maximum observed throughput reaches 18.4 Mbps, while energy per transmitted bit degrades from 0.032 µJ/bit to 0.047 µJ/bit as traffic intensity increases, revealing a measurable efficiency loss due to simultaneous packet reception and retransmission. A near-linear correlation (R² > 0.94) between traffic load and power consumption is identified, enabling the derivation of an empirical energy–performance model. The findings provide quantitative insight into the trade-off between coverage extension and energy demand in low-cost IoT repeaters. The proposed evaluation framework and empirical model support energy-aware deployment strategies for smart campus 
Co-Authors Arie Budiansyah Candra, Rudi Arif Erwinsyah Sipahutar Fauza , Rial Oktrison, Oktrison