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All Journal Jurnal Ekonomi dan Studi Pembangunan (JESP)
Muhammad Syariful Anam
Universitas Diponegoro
Economics, Econometrics & Finance

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Sustaining Integrity: The Role of Education and Macroeconomic Variables for Corruption Eradication Indah Susilowati; Andi Kurniawan Karta Negara; Muhammad Syariful Anam; Hizbul Khootimah Az Zaakiyyah; Ramadhanti Dara Sakinah; Aini Nur Furoida
Jurnal Ekonomi dan Studi Pembangunan Vol 16, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17977/um002v16i12024p048

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the effect of education level and several macroeconomic variables on the corruption index in Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) member countries. This study uses the two-stage least square (2SLS) estimation method. This study found that the lifelong learning index, higher education participation, and foreign direct investment have a negative and significant effect on corruption in all APEC member countries and developing country members. Secondary education  and government efficiency index have a negative and significant effect on corruption in all  countries (all member states, developed and developing  countries). GDP per capita and economic openness have a positive and significant effect on corruption levels in APEC member states and developing countries. The fight against corruption must be immediately implemented as a political influence. Delaying this will reduce the effectiveness of future policies. Institutional reforms bring more positive benefits in countries that are really fighting corruption.
Co-Authors Aini Nur Furoida Andi Kurniawan Karta Negara Hizbul Khootimah Az Zaakiyyah Indah Susilowati Ramadhanti Dara Sakinah