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All Journal International Journal of Applied Counseling and Social Sciences AICOS
Rayhan Witra Pratama
Institut Agama Islam Negeri Kerinci
Humanities Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Social Sciences Other

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PER CAPITA INCOME, FEMALE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION, AND HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX: AN ANALYSIS OF FERTILITY RATE IN INDONESIA Rayhan Witra Pratama; Aidil Syaputra
Asian Journal of Islamic Economic Studies Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): AICOS: Asian Journal Of Islamic Economic Studies
Publisher : Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Islam IAIN Kerinci

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32939/aicos.v3i1.6740

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the effects of per capita income, female labor force participation, and the human development index on fertility rate in Indonesia during the period 2000–2024. The study employs a quantitative approach using time-series data sourced from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS), analyzed via multiple linear regression using the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) method. The results indicate that, simultaneously, all independent variables have a significant effect on fertility rate in Indonesia. Partially, per capita income has a positive and significant effect, meaning that an increase in income tends to be followed by a rise in fertility rate. Conversely, female labor force participation has a negative effect, suggesting that increased female involvement in the workforce leads to a decline in fertility rate due to opportunity costs. Meanwhile, the human development index has a significant negative effect, indicating that improvements in the quality of education, health, and living standards drive a decline in the fertility rate. The model explains approximately 85 percent of the variation in the fertility rate, demonstrating strong explanatory power. These findings confirm that the dynamics of the fertility rate in Indonesia are influenced by the simultaneous interaction of economic, social, and human development factors.
Readability Analysis of Pancasila and Citizen Education Textbooks in The Curriculum Merdeka: Challenges and Opportunities in Developing 21st Century Skills Syukron Saputra; Rayhan Witra Pratama; Randa Gustiawan; Mirawati Mirawari
International Journal of Applied Counseling and Social Sciences Vol 6, No 02 (2025): International Journal of Applied Counseling and Social Sciences
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/0051357ijaccs

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the readability level of Pancasila and Citizenship Education (PPKn) textbooks under the Independent Curriculum and assess their contribution to supporting the development of 21st-century skills. The focus of the study was directed at two PPKn textbooks used in Kerinci Regency, namely those published by the Indonesian Curriculum and Book Center, and Srikandi Empat. The study used a quantitative approach with a content analysis method with a questionnaire instrument to assess three indicators of readability, namely ease of use, interestingness, and 21st-century skills. The results showed that the textbooks published by the Curriculum and Book Center and Srikandi Empat were in the Sufficient category because there were weaknesses in the aspects of increasing reading interest, sentence structure, and communication activities. Both textbooks support 21st-century skills, especially critical thinking, creativity, and collaboration, but communication skills still need to be strengthened. Overall, the PPKn textbooks under the Independent Curriculum have demonstrated learning that is relevant to the demands of the 21st century, although several aspects need to be improved to make the books more effective
Co-Authors Aidil Syaputra Mirawati Mirawari Randa Gustiawan Syukron Saputra