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All Journal International Journal of Industrial Engineering, Technology & Operations Management
Tukimun
Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Samarinda, 75124 Kalimantan Timur, Indonesia
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Control & Systems Engineering Electrical & Electronics Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering

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An Integrated Critical Path Method and PERT Approach for Schedule Performance Evaluation of Drainage Construction Projects Ilham; Habir; Tukimun
International Journal of Industrial Engineering, Technology & Operations Management Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): December 2025
Publisher : Indonesia Academia Research Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62157/ijietom.v3i2.114

Abstract

Time control is a critical factor in the successful delivery of drainage construction projects, which are often characterized by high complexity, limited working space, and significant uncertainty in activity durations. Delays in such projects can have substantial economic and social impacts, underscoring the need for reliable schedule performance evaluation. This study aims to evaluate the schedule performance of a drainage construction project by integrating the Critical Path Method (CPM) and the Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT) using a Work Breakdown Structure (WBS)-based approach. The research employs secondary data in the form of a project schedule presented as a weekly S-curve with a planned duration of 180 calendar days. A CPM network is developed at the WBS level to identify the dominant project path, followed by applying PERT to critical activities to assess duration uncertainty and completion probability. The results indicate that the dominant path consists of preparation works, earthworks and piling works, drainage channel construction, and pedestrian access works, with drainage channel construction identified as the most critical activity. The PERT analysis reveals that uncertainty in dominant activities increases the expected project duration and reduces the likelihood of on-time completion. These findings suggest that deterministic scheduling alone may underestimate project timelines, whereas integrating CPM and PERT provides a more realistic evaluation framework. The study concludes that a WBS-based CPM–PERT approach is effective for assessing schedule performance under data limitations and offers practical insights for improving project time control and decision-making.
Evaluating Spider Web Pavement versus Conventional Pavement for Sustainable Road Infrastructure Irwin; Alpian Nur; Tukimun
International Journal of Industrial Engineering, Technology & Operations Management Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): December 2025
Publisher : Indonesia Academia Research Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62157/ijietom.v3i2.115

Abstract

Road pavement plays a critical role in ensuring the functionality and sustainability of transportation infrastructure, particularly under increasing traffic loads and challenging subgrade conditions. Conventional pavement systems, although widely used, often exhibit performance limitations, such as deformation and differential settlement, when applied to weak soils. This study aims to compare the Spider Web Pavement (slab-on-pile system) with conventional pavement systems in terms of structural performance, technical characteristics, and economic efficiency. A descriptive–comparative methodology based on a systematic literature review was employed to analyze key parameters, including load distribution, pavement thickness, construction complexity, maintenance requirements, and service life. The results indicate that the Spider Web Pavement system provides superior structural performance by efficiently transferring loads to deeper soil layers, significantly reducing subgrade stress and minimizing settlement. It also demonstrates greater resistance to deformation and a longer service life than conventional pavements. However, these advantages are associated with greater construction complexity and higher initial costs. In contrast, conventional pavements offer simpler construction processes and lower upfront investment but require higher maintenance and exhibit shorter service life, particularly under weak subgrade conditions. The findings suggest that while conventional pavements remain suitable for stable soils and cost-sensitive projects, Spider Web Pavement systems offer a more sustainable and cost-effective solution in the long term, especially in geotechnically challenging environments. The study highlights the importance of adopting a life-cycle and performance-based approach in selecting appropriate pavement systems for sustainable road infrastructure development.
Co-Authors Alpian Nur Habir Ilham Irwin