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All Journal African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence African Journal of Medicine, Surgery and Public Health Research
Precious Chioma Jack
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health

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Smoking Behaviors and Perceived Health Risks Among Out-of-School Youth in Tella, Taraba State Isaac John Umaru; Solomon O. Asare; Tyem Lawal Danjuma; Inemesit Samuel Essien; Ingwu Joseph Akem; Genevieve A. Yeboah; Julius Ishaya Salman; Kwabena Owusu Amoah; Precious Chioma Jack; Hauwa A. Umaru; Maayam Usman Ahmed
African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence Vol 3 No 2 (2026): African Multidisciplinary Journal of Sciences and Artificial Intelligence
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/amjsai.v3i2.9472

Abstract

Tobacco use among adolescents remains a significant public health concern, particularly among out-of-school youth who often have limited access to formal health education and support systems. In response to anecdotal indications of increasing smoking behavior in Tella, this study aimed to assess the prevalence, patterns, and determinants of smoking among out-of-school youth, examine their perceptions of smoking-related health risks, and identify the socio-cultural and economic factors associated with tobacco use. A cross-sectional descriptive survey was conducted using structured questionnaires administered to a purposive sample of out-of-school youth aged 13–24 years, and the data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and presented in tabular form. The findings showed that 58% of respondents were current tobacco users, with cigarettes as the most commonly used product (60%), while 40% reported initiating smoking before the age of 15. Although 70% acknowledged that smoking is harmful, only 35% could identify specific smoking-related diseases, and 45% believed that occasional smoking was not harmful. Peer pressure (60%) and stress related to unemployment (50%) emerged as the most frequently cited reasons for smoking. The respondent profile further indicated that most participants were male (65%), aged 17–21 years (58%), and characterized by high levels of unemployment (42%) and informal labor participation (30%). The study concludes that out-of-school youth in Tella are highly vulnerable to tobacco use due to the combined effects of limited education, economic hardship, peer influence, and cultural norms. These findings highlight the need for integrated interventions that combine health education, peer-based support, economic empowerment, and policy enforcement to reduce tobacco use and promote healthier lifestyles among this at-risk population.
A Study to Determine the Incidence of Drug Abuse Among Students of Tertiary Institutions. A Case Study Wukari Isaac John Umaru; Solomon Ossom Asare; Emmanuel Omanchi; Debora Akinola Umogbai; Abimbola Gbenga Olayemi; Zainab Bello Dambazau; Emmanuel Eluu Chukwudi; Precious Chioma Jack
African Journal of Medicine, Surgery and Public Health Research Vol 3 No 1 (2026): African Journal of Medicine, Surgery and Public Health Research
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajmsphr.v3i1.8024

Abstract

This study explores the incidence, patterns, and consequences of drug abuse among students in tertiary institutions in Taraba State, Nigeria, using a mixed-methods approach. Quantitative survey data revealed that 28.4% of students had engaged in drug use, with alcohol (64.8%), cannabis (45.1%), and tramadol identified as the most commonly abused substances. Qualitative insights from focus group discussions and key informant interviews highlighted the social dynamics, institutional gaps, and cultural factors shaping substance use, with male students aged 21–25 and those living off-campus emerging as the most vulnerable demographic, while covert drug use among female students was linked to peer and romantic influences. Peer pressure, academic stress, and curiosity were reported as primary motivators, and hostel environments were found to foster experimentation. Drug abuse was associated with academic decline, mental health problems—including anxiety, depression, and suicidal ideation—and low utilization of counseling services, whereas institutional responses were characterized by limited drug education, weak enforcement, and poor awareness of available support systems. The study underscores the urgent need for integrated prevention strategies, peer-led interventions, and enhanced mental health services to address this growing public health concern.
Co-Authors Abimbola Gbenga Olayemi Debora Akinola Umogbai Emmanuel Eluu Chukwudi Emmanuel Omanchi Genevieve A. Yeboah Hauwa A. Umaru Inemesit Samuel Essien Ingwu Joseph Akem Isaac John Umaru Julius Ishaya Salman Kwabena Owusu Amoah Maayam Usman Ahmed Solomon O. Asare Solomon Ossom Asare Tyem Lawal Danjuma Zainab Bello Dambazau