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All Journal African Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research African Journal of Medicine, Surgery and Public Health Research
Jehan Mohammad Al-Musawi
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health

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Evolution of DNA Technology in Treating Animal Diseases Muhammad Akram; Isaac John Umaru; Abid Mahmood; Mohammed Khudhair Hasan; Hind A. Abdulghafoor; Fahad Said Khan; Fethi Ahmet Ozdemir; Gaweł Sołowski; Jaouher Ben Ali; Jehan Mohammad Al-Musawi
African Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research Vol 2 No 2 (2025): African Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajbmbr.v2i2.5582

Abstract

A single gene mutation can result in aberrant cell activity and the production of a faulty protein. The cell will certainly operate very poorly or not at all as a result of this mutation. Given that the genetic material may be a therapeutic agent; this might be seen as qualitatively distinct from other conventional drugs. Gene therapy may be able to rectify or perhaps cure the pathophysiology of a disease by changing the genetic composition of cells. In veterinary medicine, genetic engineering has been used to xenografts, and detects, prevent, and treat illnesses. Among the challenges that gene therapy faces include transfection, intracellular vector stability, cellular and nuclear entrance, and ethical concerns. Deficits in gene transfer vectors and a lack of knowledge about the biological interactions between these vectors and the host are two examples of fundamental challenges.
Microbial Genetics: Foundations, Applications, and Future Directions in Science and Biotechnology Muhammad Akram; Isaac John Umaru; Abid Mahmood; Mohammed Khudhair Hasan; Hind A. Abdulghafoor; Fahad Said Khan; Fethi Ahmet Ozdemir; Gaweł Sołowski; Jaouher Ben Ali; Jehan Mohammad Al-Musawi
African Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research Vol 2 No 2 (2025): African Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajbmbr.v2i2.5652

Abstract

This field is essential to comprehending not just basic biological processes but also how they are used in biotechnology, agriculture, and medicine. Microbial genetics is the study of genetic material, which includes horizontal gene transfer, DNA replication, gene expression, and mutation. Many microorganisms, in contrast to larger species, have genomes that are small and relatively basic, enabling researchers to accurately examine the regulation and function of genes. Mechanisms like transformation, transduction, and conjugation, which speed up the acquisition and spread of genetic characteristics like antibiotic resistance, are primarily responsible for the genetic plasticity of microorganisms, especially bacteria. Given that existing treatment approaches are being challenged by the growth consequences. Additionally, using cutting-edge molecular methods like whole-genome sequencing, recombinant DNA technology, and CRISPR-Cas systems, microbial genetics aids in the creation of novel antibiotics, vaccines, and diagnostic instruments. The intricacies of microbial communities, or microbiomes, and their interactions with hosts and the environment have also been clarified by research in microbial genetics. Our knowledge of microbial ecology, pathogenicity, and symbiosis has increased as a result. The discipline is still developing in industrial settings, but the combination of systems genetics and computational biology holds promise for deciphering intricate regulatory networks and enabling predictive modeling of microbial behavior. As microbial genetics advances, ethical issues—especially those pertaining to gene editing and the discharge of genetically engineered organisms—become more significant. To sum up, microbial genetics is a fundamental component of contemporary biology and biotechnology, offering deep understanding of microbial life and laying the groundwork for advancement in a wide range of scientific and industrial domains. Addressing global health, sustainability, and environmental management concerns requires ongoing study in this area.
Cell Dynamics: Mechanisms, Technologies, and Applications in Health and Disease Muhammad Akram; Isaac John Umaru; Abid Mahmood; Mohammed Khudhair Hasan; Hind A. Abdulghafoor; Fahad Said Khan; Fethi Ahmet Ozdemir; Gaweł Sołowski; Jaouher Ben Ali; Jehan Mohammad Al-Musawi
African Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research Vol 2 No 2 (2025): African Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajbmbr.v2i2.5653

Abstract

The intricate and well-coordinated activities of cells in response to both internal and external stimuli are referred to as cell dynamics. These behaviors help living things grow, differentiate, maintain, and adapt. Using a variety of interdisciplinary techniques from molecular biology, biophysics, computational modeling, and live-cell imaging, this field examines the dynamic processes that control cell morphology, intracellular transport, cytoskeletal reorganization, signal transduction, and cell motility. The capacity of cells to alter their structure and function in real time, allowing for quick reactions to changes in the environment, damage, or developmental signals, is a key component of cell dynamics. The complex coordination of cytoskeletal filaments, vesicle trafficking channels, and signaling networks that underpin activities including mitosis, migration, immunological surveillance, and synaptic plasticity has been made visible by developments in high-resolution imaging and single-cell analysis. Recent research has demonstrated that cellular activities incorporate stochastic fluctuations, spatial compartmentalization, and emergent features resulting from the combined actions of molecular complexes, in addition to deterministic biochemical routes. It has been demonstrated that the mechanical characteristics of the cellular microenvironment, such as the extracellular matrix composition and substrate stiffness, are essential for regulating dynamic cellular responses, especially during wound healing, tissue formation, and cancer progression. Additionally, the enormous datasets produced by live-cell imaging and omics technologies are being decoded more and more using computational models and artificial intelligence tools, which offer fresh perspectives on the temporal and spatial control of cellular activities. In addition to expanding our understanding of basic cell biology, an understanding of cellular dynamics may help develop therapeutic approaches that target dysregulated cellular activities in conditions including cancer, dementia, and immunological disorders. In order to anticipate cellular outcomes and manipulate cell destiny for applications in synthetic biology and regenerative medicine, it will be crucial to combine quantitative modeling with experimental data as we continue to clarify the fundamentals of cellular structure and adaptability.
Understanding Gastritis: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Management Muhammad Akram; Abid Mahmood; Isaac John Umaru; Mohammed Khudhair Hasan; Hind A. Abdulghafoor; Fahad Said Khan; Fethi Ahmet Ozdemir; Gaweł Sołowski; Jaouher Ben Ali; Jehan Mohammad Al-Musawi
African Journal of Medicine, Surgery and Public Health Research Vol 2 No 2 (2025): African Journal of Medicine, Surgery and Public Health Research
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajmsphr.v2i2.5580

Abstract

One such common disorder is gastritis, that is bound to cause acute or chronic inflammation of the stomach lining. It is primarily caused due to the long duration use of NSAIDs, Helicobacter pylori infection or many other reasons. Alcohol consumption, stress, bile reflux and some immunological processes also play a role in causing gastritis. While some relatives remain asymptomatic, most relatives experience symptoms such as epigastric discomfort, vomiting, and, in some cases, gastrointestinal bleeding. H. Pylori detection, endoscopic examination, and histopathology are the primary techniques for diagnosing gastritis. Another method of treatment is the use of proton pump inhibitors along with lifestyle changes, or antibiotics. Gastritis and its symptoms can be mitigated by employing primary prevention strategies like proactively treating H. Pylori infections or reducing NSAIDs consumption.
Marburg Virus Disease: Epidemiology, Transmission, and Global Health Implications Muhammad Akram; Abid Mahmood; Isaac John Umaru; Mohammed Khudhair Hasan; Hind A. Abdulghafoor; Fahad Said Khan; Fethi Ahmet Ozdemir; Gaweł Sołowski; Jaouher Ben Ali; Jehan Mohammad Al-Musawi
African Journal of Medicine, Surgery and Public Health Research Vol 2 No 2 (2025): African Journal of Medicine, Surgery and Public Health Research
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajmsphr.v2i2.5816

Abstract

Marburg virus disease (MVD), a severe viral hemorrhagic fever, was first identified in 1967 following simultaneous outbreaks in Marburg and Frankfurt, Germany, and Belgrade, Serbia. The initial cases were linked to laboratory exposure to African green monkeys (Chlorocebus aethiops) imported from Uganda for scientific research. Since then, sporadic cases and outbreaks have been reported across sub-Saharan Africa, particularly in Angola, Uganda, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and, more recently, in West African countries such as Ghana. Human-to-human transmission occurs through direct contact with the blood, secretions, organs, or other bodily fluids of infected individuals, as well as via contaminated materials like bedding and medical equipment. The incubation period ranges from 2 to 21 days, after which patients typically present with hemorrhagic manifestations, shock, and multiorgan failure. Currently, there is no approved antiviral treatment, and management is limited to supportive care, including fluid resuscitation, electrolyte balance, oxygen therapy, and treatment of secondary infections. Early diagnosis, case isolation, contact tracing, and stringent infection control measures are essential to containing outbreaks. Due to its high case-fatality rate, potential for epidemic spread, and lack of licensed therapeutics or vaccines, MVD is designated a priority pathogen by the World Health Organization (WHO). In the context of increasing global attention to emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases, this review emphasizes the urgent need for investment in health system strengthening, improved diagnostic infrastructure, and the acceleration of vaccine and therapeutic development to mitigate future outbreaks.
Co-Authors Abid Mahmood Fahad Said Khan Fethi Ahmet Ozdemir Gaweł Sołowski Hind A. Abdulghafoor Isaac John Umaru Jaouher Ben Ali Mohammed Khudhair Hasan Muhammad Akram