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All Journal SOSIOEDUKASI : JURNAL ILMIAH ILMU PENDIDIKAN DAN SOSIAL Sharia Economic and Management Business Journal (SEMBJ)
Ikhwan Ridwan
Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang
Religion Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Computer Science & IT Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Social Sciences Other

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EXAMINING GENDER INEQUALITY THROUGH A LEGAL AND SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE: IMPLICATIONS FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: MENGKAJI KETIDAKSETARAAN GENDER MELALUI PERSPEKTIF HUKUM DAN SOSIOLOGI: IMPLIKASI TERHADAP PEMBANGUNAN BERKELANJUTAN Oman Sukmana; Ikhwan Ridwan; Hardianto
SOSIOEDUKASI Vol 14 No 4 (2025): SOSIOEDUKASI : JURNAL ILMIAH ILMU PENDIDIKAN DAN SOSIAL
Publisher : Fakultas Keguruan Dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universaitas PGRI Banyuwangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36526/sosioedukasi.v14i4.6509

Abstract

The aim of the research is to examine in depth how gender inequality manifests in the dimensions of Law and Sociology, as well as its implications for the achievement of sustainable development. Her main focus is to analyze the complex interactions between formal legal frameworks and social norms in society, which are often the basis for the sustainability of discriminatory practices. The narrative literature review  method was chosen to provide an in-depth and comprehensive analysis of various literatures, allowing the synthesis of previous research findings as well as the identification of knowledge gaps relevant to the topic being studied. The narrative literature review  method is very suitable for exploring the complexity of gender inequality through the lens of Law and Sociology, as it allows the tracing of narratives and arguments that develop in a wide body of science. Overall, an in-depth analysis of the existing literature shows that gender inequality has a significant multidimensional impact on various aspects of sustainable development, ranging from economic, social, to environmental. This research explicitly shows that without a fundamental solution to gender disparities, progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals will be hampered.
Organizational Culture and HR Management in Public Sector: Social Exchange Mechanisms in the Merit System for Senior Official Selection in Riau Provincial Government Ikhwan Ridwan; Oman Sukmana; Rachmad Kristiono Dwi Susilo; Junaidi Junaidi
Sharia Economic and Management Business Journal (SEMBJ) Vol. 7 No. 2 (2026): June
Publisher : Yayasan Darussalam Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62159/sembj.v7i2.2233

Abstract

Background: Organizational culture and HR management in public bureaucracy face a structural paradox when formal merit systems operate alongside deeply embedded socio-cultural norms. Riau Province's Civil Service Merit Index rose from 227.5 (2019) to 325.5 (2024), yet the "Promotion & Mutation" sub-componentthe direct measure of appointment integrityscored only 37.5% in the critical 2020 mass selection year. Simultaneously, 54.2% of appointments went to candidates ranked 2nd or 3rd rather than to the highest-scorer, signaling systematic non-merit intervention. Method: Qualitative case study design (Yin, 2022) examining the 2020 open selection of 24 Senior Civil Service (JPT Pratama) positions in Riau Provincial Government. Data from in-depth interviews (n=17 key informants), participant observation (8 months), and document analysis were analyzed through a thematic-dialectical procedure framed within social exchange theory (Homans, 1961; Blau, 1964; Emerson, 1976; Molm, 2003), Ekeh's Two Publics (1974), and Riau Malay organizational culture (Effendy, 2013). Results: Three simultaneous exchange layers structure the HR appointment process: (1) an administrative layer where competency scores are exchanged for procedural legitimacy; (2) a substantive back-stage layer in the governor's discretionary space where political loyalty displaces merit as the decisive currency; and (3) a cultural legitimation layer where Malay values of Berbalas Budi (reciprocal kindness), Amanah (trust), and Marwah (dignity/honor) are strategically renarrated as moral cover (Selubung Moral) to normalize patronage. Conclusion: The study proposes a Culturally Contextualized Social Exchange Model (CCSEM)a Hybrid Bureaucracy Frameworkwherein formal merit functions as institutional legitimacy scaffolding, patronage serves as the substantive appointment driver, and local culture acts as the moral adhesive sustaining this hybrid equilibrium. This contributes novel theoretical ground to organizational sociology and Islamic corporate governance, calling for reforms that reclaim authentic Islamic-Malay values against their appropriated, patronage-justifying distortions.
Co-Authors Hardianto Junaidi Junaidi Oman Sukmana Rachmad Kristiono Dwi Susilo