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All Journal Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Kesatuan Berkala Ilmiah Pendidikan Journal of Economics, Entrepreneurship, Management Business and Accounting (JUMPER) INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC LITERATURE (INJOLE) At-Ta’dib: Journal of Pesantren Education
Sri Hartono
Universitas Muhammadiyah Ponorogo, Indonesia
Humanities Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Social Sciences Other

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The Influence of Work Flexibility, Reskilling, and Upskilling on Nafs al-Muṭma’innah among Educators in Muhammadiyah Universities and Boarding Schools (PESMA) Johan Efendi; Heri Wijayanto; Hadi Sumarsono; Sri Hartono; Sunarno Sunarno
At-Ta'dib Vol. 21 No. 1 (2026): At-Ta'dib: Journal of Pesantren Education
Publisher : Fakultas Tarbiyah, Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/at-tadib.v21i1.24

Abstract

Digital transformation and automation have reconfigured academic work environments, generating adaptive HR demands while simultaneously intensifying psychological strain that may disrupt employees’ inner equilibrium in Islamic higher education contexts. Purpose: This study aims to analyze the influence of work flexibility, reskilling, and upskilling on nafs al-muṭma’innah as an Islamic psychological construct of inner tranquility among educators in Muhammadiyah universities and PESMA institutions in East Java. Methods: A quantitative explanatory design was employed using a survey of 154 employees selected through simple random sampling. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression in SPSS, preceded by classical assumption tests to ensure model robustness. Findings: The results indicate that work flexibility, reskilling, and upskilling exert significant partial and simultaneous effects on nafs al-muṭma’innah. These adaptive HR strategies reduce perceived work pressure while enhancing psychological stability and spiritual well-being, demonstrating a statistically supported integration between organizational adaptability and Islamic constructs of inner peace. Implications: The findings suggest that HR policies in Islamic educational institutions should integrate competency development with spiritual well-being frameworks, although generalizability is limited to Muhammadiyah contexts in East Java. Originality: This study introduces nafs al-muṭma’innah as an empirically tested dependent variable within HRM research, bridging Islamic psychology and contemporary organizational behavior.
Co-Authors Afip Sultoni Afriyani Mabruka Azzahro Ariyandi Quliyawan Dina Destari Diyan Novika Fatkhur Rohman Albanjari Gita Damayanti Hadi Sumarsono Hanri Dhona Mahardika Heri Wijayanto Johan Efendi Kartika Dyah Nurwiani Ngurah Pandji Mertha Agung Durya Partini Partini Riawan Riawan Ricky Agung Cahyono Santoso, Slamet Sri Aningsih Sunarno Sunarno Titi Rapini Umi Farida Wijianto Wijianto