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Between The Indonesian Bankruptcy Law and Fiqh Ibnu Qudamah’s about Ahkam Iflas in Al-Mughni Muhammad Rusydianta
Al-Muamalat: Journal of Islamic Economics Law Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): Al-Muamalat: Journal of Islamic Economic Law
Publisher : Al-Muamalat: Journal of Islamic Economics Law

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/muamalat.v8i2.6

Abstract

ENGLISH Research Main Problem: This article begin from the researchers similarities finding, such as Lubis found that various bankruptcy provisions in Bidayatu Al-Mujtahid are similar to Indonesian Bankruptcy Law, and Western bankruptcy regulations (Common Law and Civil Law) as Abed and Michael found in their research, Al-Mughni’s bankruptcy provisions (Ibn Qudamah’s book) similar with the United States Bankruptcy Act. Then, it might be worth examining Indonesian Bankruptcy Law in comparison with Ibn Qudamah’s fiqh;  Research Objectives: To discover the similar post-modern bankruptcy provisions analogous to Islamic Law “ahkam iflas” discussed in Ibn Qudamah’s book since eighth century earlier. Especially, how does the legal substance of iflas in this work of jurists compare with Law No. 37 of 2004 concerning Bankruptcy and Delayment of Debt Payment Obligations; Methodology: Utilising legal semiotics and a comparison approach to analysing primary and secondary legal material from the statute, Ibn Qudamah’s book, and others. This article will qualitatively discuss the object of the research descriptively; and Results: Found several similarities, including: the understanding of bankruptcy, the exclusion of debtors, preferential rights, types of creditors, to the delayment of debt payment obligations. Some of the differences include: bankruptcy status; the presence or absence of bankruptcy revocation; the absence of recommendations for creditors to grant a payment delay during the debtor’s difficult times; to differences in paradigms between anthropocentric and theocentric materialism. Might this finding contribute to lighten the load of Islamisation of knowledge, as several provisions are already analogous to “Ahkam Iflas,” conjecturally derived from prophetic tradition. INDONESIA Permasalahan Utama Penelitian: Artikel ini berawal dari temuan kesamaan para peneliti sebelumnya, seperti temuan Lubis bahwa berbagai ketentuan kepailitan dalam Bidayatu Al-Mujtahid serupa dengan Hukum Kepailitan Indonesia, dan peraturan kepailitan Barat (tradisi hukum Common Law dan Civil Law Eropa Kontinental) seperti temuan Abed dan Michael dalam penelitian mereka, ketentuan kepailitan Al-Mughni (karya Ibn Qudamah) serupa dengan Undang-Undang Kepailitan Amerika Serikat. Untuk itu, ada baiknya meneliti Hukum Kepailitan Indonesia dibandingkan dengan fikih Ibn Qudamah; Tujuan Penelitian: Untuk menemukan ketentuan hukum kepailitan post-modern yang similar dan mirip dengan hukum kepailitan Islam “ahkam iflas” yang dibahas dalam kitab Ibn Qudamah sejak delapan abad sebelumnya. Secara khusus, untuk menyingkap bagaimana substansi hukum Iflas dalam karya ahli hukum tersebut dibandingkan dengan Undang-Undang No. 37 Tahun 2004 tentang Kepailitan dan Penundaan Kewajiban Pembayaran Utang; Metodologi: Menggunakan pendekatan legal-semiotika dan perbandingan untuk menganalisis bahan hukum primer dan sekunder dari undang-undang, buku Ibn Qudamah, dan lainnya. Artikel ini akan membahas objek penelitian secara deskriptif dan kualitatif; dan Hasil: Ditemukan beberapa kesamaan, termasuk: pengertian kebangkrutan, pengecualian debitur, hak preferensial, jenis kreditur, hingga penundaan kewajiban pembayaran utang. Beberapa perbedaannya meliputi: status kebangkrutan; ada atau tidaknya pencabutan kebangkrutan; tidak adanya rekomendasi bagi kreditur untuk memberikan penundaan di masa-masa sulit debitur; dan perbedaan paradigma antara materialisme antroposentris dan teosentris. Seomga temuan ini berkontribusi untuk meringankan beban tugas Islamisasi pengetahuan, karena beberapa ketentuan hukum kepailitan sudah sesuai dengan ahkam Iflas,, diduga berasal dari tradisi profetik.
On Subjective Ego and Western Philosophy of Amina Wadud’s Misconceptions on Islamic Law Muhammad Rusydianta
TSAQAFAH Vol. 22 No. 1 (2026): Tsaqafah Jurnal Peradaban Islam
Publisher : Universitas Darussalam Gontor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/tsaqafah.v22i1.7

Abstract

This article aims to identify the synthesis or any underlying and background factors that inform Wadud’s thought and her justification, specifically the bases of understanding and thought patterns that influence and shape her perspective and justifications in the Women’s Reform Movement, which deconstructed the Sharia of Allah. From this, muslims can learn to be vigilant and avoid, and realise the importance of educational support for Muallaf not to be influenced by any destructive ideas, environments, and thoughts about religion, themselves, and the muslim community. Therefore, as a type of library research and critical study, this research also utilises secondary materials and data from several documents that explain the object. Primarily, primary data came from historiography and Wadud’s explicit and implicit confessions in her works. The multiple data obtained were processed, analysed, and presented descriptively and qualitatively in line with the main theme of the discussion. Finally, concluded that the synthesis of its movement is the crystalisation of the arrangement of the basic thought patterns of Critical Legal Studies (CLS) and Legal Feminist, combined with her missunderstanding in distinguishing legal term, along with other bases of understanding and justification such as her subjective ego derived from the accumulation of her life experiences and the synthesis of thoughts from certain figures on Sufism, liberal and anti-discrimination movements, chistian, secular Jewish philosophers, lesbian feminist political to other hermeneutic (Fazlur Rahman). Academic anxiety, as she admitted, is not the only basis for her movement to deconstruct Sharia through hermeneutics or feminism.