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All Journal Journal Evidence Of Law Decisio: Journal of Judicial Law and Procedure
Ardian Kurniawan
UIN Sulthan Thaha Saifuddin Jambi, Indonesia
Arts Humanities Education Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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The Quasi-Judicial Role of Hakam in Malay Customary Justice of Jambi as an Alternative Dispute Resolution Ardian Kurniawan
Decisio: Journal of Judicial Law and Procedure Vol. 1 No. 1 (2026): January 2026
Publisher : Gemini Littera Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.66882/decisio.v1i1.42

Abstract

This article examines the position and role of hakam within the Jambi Malay customary justice system, with particular emphasis on their function as a form of quasi-judicial authority and as an alternative dispute resolution (ADR) mechanism within Indonesia’s plural legal system. Previous studies on customary law and dispute resolution have largely framed adat as a cultural normative system, while paying limited attention to the adjudicative functions exercised by customary actors operating outside the formal structure of state courts. Employing a socio-legal research approach with a qualitative juridical-empirical design, this study draws on in-depth interviews with customary leaders and hakam in Jambi Province, complemented by doctrinal analysis and a review of relevant academic literature. The findings reveal that hakam perform substantive judicial functions, including fact-finding, interpretation of customary and religious norms, the issuance of socially binding decisions, and the imposition of sanctions grounded in community norms. These practices position hakam not merely as mediators, but as legal actors exercising limited adjudicative authority within a non-state legal framework. The article argues that recognizing hakam as a quasi-judicial form of ADR enriches contemporary debates on legal pluralism and challenges state-centric conceptions of justice. From a normative perspective, the study recommends a model of recognition and coordination between state law and customary justice to enhance access to justice without undermining the social legitimacy of customary institutions.
Dilema Perlindungan Anak dan Penegakan Hukum dalam Kasus Pencurian dengan Kekerasan oleh Anak di Kota Jambi Hamdani Padli; Ardian Kurniawan; Syamsu Hadi; Zulqarnain; Nova Bela Dhyta
Journal Evidence Of Law Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): Journal Evidence Of Law (Agustus)
Publisher : CV. Era Digital Nusantara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59066/jel.v5i2.2687

Abstract

Penelitian ini menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mendorong keterlibatan anak, mengidentifikasi hambatan dalam penerapan diversi, serta merumuskan alternatif kebijakan yang seimbang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode hukum empiris dengan pendekatan studi kasus, melalui wawancara dengan aparat penegak hukum, pelaku anak, dan pihak terkait lainnya, serta didukung oleh dokumen hukum, putusan pengadilan, dan laporan kelembagaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keterlibatan anak dalam tindak pidana begal di Kota Jambi didominasi oleh anak yang berasal dari keluarga rentan, mengalami putus sekolah, dan terpengaruh oleh kelompok sebaya yang menormalisasi kekerasan sebagai bagian dari identitas sosial perkotaan. Temuan lapangan juga menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar aksi begal dilakukan secara berkelompok melalui jaringan pertemanan yang terbentuk di lingkungan dengan pengawasan keluarga yang lemah. Kendala penerapan diversi tidak hanya berasal dari pembatasan normatif dalam Undang-Undang Sistem Peradilan Pidana Anak, tetapi juga dari kuatnya tuntutan masyarakat Kota Jambi terhadap penindakan represif terhadap pelaku begal. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan penguatan pendekatan restorative justice yang dimodifikasi dengan melibatkan keluarga, komunitas lokal, dan lembaga sosial guna mewujudkan sistem peradilan anak yang lebih seimbang, humanis, dan kontekstual.
Co-Authors Hamdani Padli Nova Bela Dhyta Syamsu Hadi Zulqarnain