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All Journal Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan
Al Mukharromah, Nisa’ Ulana
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Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Energy Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology

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Xylanase Production by Aspergillus niger Using Agro-Industrial Residues and Tween Surfactants: A Non-Parametric Analysis Hakim, Arif Rahman; Azkiya, Noor Isnaini; Ningsih, Wahyuni; Mufid, Mufid; Wardani, Arum Kusuma; Al Mukharromah, Nisa’ Ulana
Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33795/jtkl.v10i1.8854

Abstract

Xylanase plays a key role in hydrolyzing xylan, yet large-scale enzyme production remains limited by the high cost of purified xylan substrates. Although lignocellulosic agricultural residues offer a promising low-cost alternative, their effectiveness as substrates for Aspergillus niger and the influence of process additives on enzyme performance are not fully understood. This study addresses this gap by evaluating sugarcane bagasse and palm kernel cake as economical substrates and examining how substrate type, substrate concentration, and surfactant selection affect xylanase specific activity. Fermentation experiments were conducted using substrate concentrations of 1.5–3.0% (w/v) supplemented with Tween 20, Tween 60, or Tween 80, followed by statistical analysis using the Kruskal–Wallis test and Bonferroni-corrected Mann–Whitney U tests. Substrate concentration (p = 0.016) and surfactant type (p < 0.001) significantly influenced specific activity, whereas substrate type did not (p = 0.224). The highest activity (4.380 ± 0.052 IU/mg; median = 1.9113) was achieved using 3.0% palm kernel cake with Tween 20. These findings demonstrate that optimizing substrate load and surfactant choice is crucial for enhancing xylanase production from low-cost agro-industrial residues, providing practical insights for cost-efficient enzyme bioprocess development.
Co-Authors Arif Rahman Hakim Arum Kusuma Wardani mufid mufid Ningsih, Wahyuni Noor Isnaini Azkiya, Noor Isnaini