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All Journal International Journal of Science and Environment Al-Zayn: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial & Hukum
Siahaan, Grace Yustisia
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Religion Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Mathematics Physics

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Legal Paradigm In The Standardization of Digital Payments: Between Technological Innovation and Monopoly Prevention In The Digital Era Siahaan, Grace Yustisia; Yulienty , Henny
International Journal of Science and Environment (IJSE) Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026): May 2026
Publisher : CV. Inara in Colaboration with www.stie-sampit.ac.id

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51601/ijse.v6i2.505

Abstract

The rapid development of the digital economy has significantly transformed payment systems, marked by the increasing adoption of digital platforms and financial technologies. However, this transformation also raises concerns regarding market concentration, which may lead to monopolistic practices and the abuse of dominant positions, particularly due to network effects and closed ecosystem structures. This study aims to analyze the role of national digital payment system standardization as an instrument to prevent monopolistic practices from the perspective of competition law. The research employs a normative legal method, utilizing statutory and conceptual approaches, supported by comparative analysis of international practices. The findings indicate that standardization—especially when designed to be interoperable, open, and non-discriminatory—has significant potential to reduce barriers to entry, minimize consumer lock-in effects, and establish a level playing field among market participants. Nevertheless, its effectiveness largely depends on the regulatory design and implementation mechanisms. Poorly governed standardization may instead create new forms of market dominance, whether individually or collectively. Therefore, strong coordination between payment system authorities and competition law enforcement agencies is essential to ensure that standardization policies align with the principles of fair competition. This study concludes that national digital payment system standardization can function as a preventive instrument against monopolistic practices, provided that it is designed in an inclusive, adaptive, and competition-oriented manner, while still fostering innovation within the digital economic ecosystem.
Kepastian Hukum dalam Transfer Data Lintas Negara: Tinjauan Terhadap Undang-Undang Perlindungan Data Pribadi di Indonesia Prastowo, Ari Andy; Algamar, Angga Faridi; Siahaan, Grace Yustisia
Al-Zayn: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial, Hukum & Politik Vol 4 No 2 (2026): 2026
Publisher : Yayasan pendidikan dzurriyatul Quran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61104/alz.v4i2.5760

Abstract

Perkembangan ekonomi digital global telah mendorong meningkatnya praktik cross border data transfer yang menimbulkan tantangan hukum, khususnya dalam aspek perlindungan data pribadi dan kepastian hukum. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kepastian hukum dalam pelaksanaan transfer data lintas negara di Indonesia berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 27 Tahun 2022 tentang Pelindungan Data Pribadi, serta mengidentifikasi berbagai tantangan hukum yang dihadapi dalam implementasinya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan komparatif, serta memanfaatkan data sekunder yang diperoleh melalui studi kepustakaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara normatif, Undang-Undang Nomor 27 Tahun 2022 tentang Pelindungan Data Pribadi telah mengadopsi prinsip dan mekanisme global yang sejalan dengan standar internasional, khususnya melalui pendekatan adequacy, safeguards, dan consent sebagaimana dikenal dalam rezim perlindungan data Uni Eropa. Namun demikian, dalam praktiknya masih terdapat sejumlah kendala yang signifikan, antara lain belum lengkapnya peraturan pelaksana, belum jelasnya kriteria penilaian tingkat kesetaraan pelindungan data, belum tersedianya instrumen operasional seperti standard contractual clauses dan binding corporate rules, serta belum berfungsinya secara optimal otoritas pengawas independen. Selain itu, fragmentasi regulasi sektoral dan keterbatasan yurisdiksi dalam penegakan hukum lintas negara turut memperkuat ketidakpastian hukum. Meskipun Indonesia telah berada pada jalur yang selaras dengan tren global, diperlukan penguatan dalam aspek regulasi turunan, kelembagaan, serta implementasi untuk mewujudkan kepastian hukum yang efektif dalam transfer data lintas negara.
Co-Authors Algamar, Angga Faridi Prastowo, Ari Andy Yulienty , Henny