Preoperative Radiotherapy in Rectal Cancer

Irwan Ramli (Departemen Radioterapi RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo, Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia)
- Sudibio (Unit Pelayanan Onkologi Radiasi, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Indonesia, RS dr.Cipto Mangunkusumo, Jakarta, Indonesia)
Fitri Anugrah (Unit Pelayanan Onkologi Radiasi, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Indonesia, RS dr.Cipto Mangunkusumo, Jakarta, Indonesia)

Radioterapi & Onkologi Indonesia
Vol 10, No 1 (2019): VOLUME 10 NO.1 JANUARI 2019

Rectal cancer is the third most common types cancer in the world and rank second as a cause of cancer related deaths in 2018. Surgical is the main modality in treatment of rectal cancer, however preoperative radiotherapy significantly reduces local recurrence risk after surgery. At present there are two different schedules of preoperative radiotherapy, short-course preoperative radiotherapy (25 Gy at 5 fractions)  followed by immediate surgery and long-course chemoradiotherapy (45-50 Gy at 25-28 fractions) followed by delayed surgery. Although the purpose and local control rate of both schedules is the same, it is indicated in different conditions.