Genetic Diversity of Butterfly Pea (Clitoria ternatea) from Indonesia Based on Flower and Yield Component Traits in Two Land Conditions

Trixie A. Ulimaz (Program Studi Magister Manajemen Sumber Daya Hayati, Sekolah Pascasarjana, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Dipati Ukur 35, Bandung 40133, Indonesia)
Debby Ustari (Program Studi Doktor Ilmu Pertanian, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang Km 21, Jatinangor, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia)
Virda Aziza (Program Studi Agroteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang Km 21, Jatinangor, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia)
Tarkus Suganda (Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang Km 21, Jatinangor, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia Telp. [phone] Faks. [phone])
Vergel Concibido (Sensient Technologies Corporation, 777 E Wisconsin Ave, Milwaukee, WI 53202, United States)
Jutti Levita (Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang Km 21, Jatinangor, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia)
Agung Karuniawan (1Program Studi Magister Manajemen Sumber Daya Hayati, Sekolah Pascasarjana, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Dipati Ukur 35, Bandung 40133, Indonesia 4Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang Km 21, Jatinangor, Sumedang 4536)

Jurnal AgroBiogen
Vol 16, No 1 (2020): June

Genetic diversity among the butterfly pea genotypes is important information to support breeding program of this underutilized crop. The important characters to be targeted in the breeding program of this crop included yield and yield components of flowers that are strongly affected by the environment and have not been previously reported. This study aimed to determine the genetic diversity of butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea L.) from Indonesia tested in two land conditions, namely dryland and former paddy fields, based on flower character and yield component traits. The results showed that butterfly pea accessions were divided into two main clusters with dissimilarity coefficient of 0.01–3.99 indicating wide genetic diversity across  accessions. The Mantel correlation showed that the genetic distance among accessions studied were not significantly correlated (r = 0.044, P = 0.8709). Based on principal component analysis (PCA), the eigenvalue ranged from 1.69 to 3.34 with a cumulative contribution of 72.64%. The traits that influenced genetic diversity in this study were flower length, weight of one fresh flower, total weight of pods, and weight of 100 seeds. The results of this study should be useful to support future butterfly pea breeding program.