<![CDATA[This research highlights the role of Bahasa Indonesia in supporting mathematical symbol comprehension in Vocational High School (SMK) students. Against the backdrop of Indonesian students' low mathematical literacy based on PISA 2018 data, this study aims to analyze the relationship between students' linguistic ability in Bahasa Indonesia and mathematical symbol comprehension, explore relevant linguistic factors, and provide adaptive learning recommendations. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, this study involved 40 students from two vocational schools in Ketapang district. Data were collected through written tests, semi-structured interviews, participatory observation, and document analysis, and then analyzed inductively with triangulation to ensure validity. The results showed that Indonesian language ability has a significant effect on the understanding of mathematical symbols, especially in basic vocabulary and the direct relationship between terms and symbols. However, students faced difficulties in translating complex narratives, understanding technical terms, and identifying symbol translation errors. These findings underscore the need for contextualized learning approaches, narrative problem practice, and strengthening academic communication. Through explicit integration of Bahasa Indonesia in mathematics learning, the use of simpler materials, and collaborative learning strategies to improve students' understanding of mathematical symbols holistically and optimally.]]>
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