<![CDATA[Background: Childhood malnutrition stems from inadequate intake and disease; synbiotics (probiotics+prebiotics) can modulate gut microbiota and immune function, aligning with SDG-3 targets through cost-effective prophylaxis and immunomodulation. Objective: To evaluate onion (Allium cepa Linn.)-derived inulin combined with probiotic-rich Sumatran dadih as supportive therapy for pediatric malnutrition. Methods: Narrative literature review of human and relevant preclinical studies on synbiotics, inulin, dadih, gut microbiota, and immune modulation, with selection based on relevance and methodological quality. Results: Evidence suggests synbiotics improve microbiota diversity, short-chain fatty acid production, nutrient absorption, and reduce inflammation and infection rates. Onion-inulin functions as a fermentable prebiotic; dadih provides robust local lactic-acid bacteria strains. Yet data are heterogeneous, sample sizes small, and dosing/formulation poorly standardized; safety reporting is variable. Conclusion: An onion-inulin + dadih synbiotic is a plausible, context-appropriate adjuvant for managing childhood malnutrition. Rigorous, controlled trials should optimize dose, strain selection, and formulation, and confirm efficacy and safety for scalable implementation.]]>
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