International Journal of Studies in International Education
Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): International Journal of Studies in International Education

Development of Chemical Bonding LKPD Assisted by Augmented Reality with a Deep Learning Approach and its Effect on Learning Activities and Higher Level Thinking Skills (Hots) of Eleventh Grade High School Students

Dita Novita Rini (Unknown)
Eli Rohaeti (Unknown)



Article Info

Publish Date
27 Jan 2026

Abstract

This study aims to develop a Student Worksheet (LKPD) on Chemical Bonding assisted by Augmented Reality (AR) based on deep learning and to examine its feasibility, practicality, and effectiveness in improving learning activities and higher-order thinking skills (HOTS) of high school students. The research employed a 4D development model (define, design, develop, and disseminate) using a pretest posttest control group design involving 11th grade students. Research instruments included expert validation sheets, learning activity questionnaires, and HOTS test instruments. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical methods. The results indicated that the AR-based LKPD met very feasible and practical criteria based on expert judgment and student responses. Furthermore, there was a statistically significant difference between the experimental and control groups in learning activities and HOTS achievement (p = 0.005). The increase in HOTS scores in the experimental group was categorized as moderate, indicating meaningful learning gains. These findings demonstrate that the AR-assisted Chemical Bonding LKPD is effective as an innovative learning medium for supporting students’ understanding of abstract chemistry concepts and fostering higher-order thinking skills.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

IJSIE

Publisher

Subject

Humanities Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Mathematics Public Health Social Sciences

Description

The fields of study in this journal include the sub-groups of Educational Sciences, Social Sciences, Language and Literature, Sports and Health, Mathematics and Mathematics and Natural ...