<![CDATA[This study critically examines the persistence of patriarchal bias in Indonesia’s legal system by comparing Islamic law and positive law through a gender justice lens. This research specifically identifies how patriarchal structures are embedded in family law norms, judicial reasoning, and institutional legal practices, particularly in matters of marriage, lineage, and gendered legal authority. Using a qualitative normative method with a comparative socio-legal approach, the study analyzes statutory regulations, classical and contemporary Islamic legal doctrines, and scholarly interpretations relevant to the Indonesian legal context. The findings reveal a fundamental divergence between the two systems: while positive law formally endorses gender equality, patriarchal bias persists at the level of legal interpretation and implementation, especially within judicial institutions; conversely, Islamic law, when interpreted textually, may reproduce gender hierarchy, yet offers a strong emancipatory potential when re-read through maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah and egalitarian legal reasoning. The study argues that patriarchal bias is not merely normative but institutional, and that meaningful legal reform requires not only doctrinal revision but also transformation of judicial reasoning and legal culture.]]>
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