<![CDATA[In the Teaching Materials Development course at the Culinary Arts Education Study Program, Surabaya State University, learning still focuses on product outcomes and has not yet developed students' 21st-century skills in a planned manner. As a result, critical thinking, creativity, collaboration, and communication (4C) skills have not developed optimally. This study aims to examine the effect of implementing Project-Based Learning on improving students' 4C skills. The study used a quantitative approach with a pre-experimental one-group pretest–posttest design on third-semester class D students. 4C skills data were collected through questionnaires before and after project-based learning, then analyzed using normality tests and paired sample t-tests. The results showed a statistically significant increase in 4C skills (p < 0.05), so Project-Based Learning was proven effective in supporting the development of 21st-century competencies in vocational education students]]>
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