APPLICATION OF JEAN WATSON'S THEORY IN BREATHING EXERCISE INTERVENTION: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Metilda (Institut Kesehatan Rajawali)
Theophylia Melisa Manumara (Institut Kesehatan Rajawali)
Mohamad Aldi (Institut Kesehatan Rajawali)
Aulia Ramadhani (Institut Kesehatan Rajawali)
Siti Kania Ramadhany (Institut Kesehatan Rajawali)
Nisa Aulia Ervani (Institut Kesehatan Rajawali)
Siti Asiyah (Institut Kesehatan Rajawali)
Tiara Pebriyanti (Institut Kesehatan Rajawali)
Faruz Balqis Anasthasya (Institut Kesehatan Rajawali)
Rizma Rizkian Azzahra (Institut Kesehatan Rajawali)
Tasya nabila sari (Institut Kesehatan Rajawali)
Siti Salwa (Institut Kesehatan Rajawalli)

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NURSING AND MIDWIFERY SCIENCE (IJNMS)
Vol. 9 No. 3 (2025): VOLUME 9 ISSUE 3 DECEMBER 2025

Background: Jean Watson's Caring Theoryemphasizes an empathetic and humanistic relationship between nurses and patients. This literature review aims to examine the application of this theory in breathing exercisesas a holistic approach to improving the physical and psychological conditionof patients. Method: The method used was a database searchon PubMed and Google Scholar with a publication periodrange of 2015-2025. Results: The results show that exercises such as slow deepbreathing, diaphragmatic breathing, progressive muscle relaxation,and finger hold relaxation are effective in reducing blood pressure and anxietyand improving lung function and quality of life. Conclusion: The collaborationbetween Jean Watson's Caring theory and breathing exercises can strengthen the holistic aspectof nursing, create a therapeutic environment, and accelerate the physical and psychological recoveryof patients.