Jurnal Riset Ekonomi Syariah
Volume 5, No. 2, Desember 2025 Jurnal Riset Ekonomi Syariah (JRES)

Fenomena Cashback dalam E-Commerce: Analisis Akad Hibah bi Syarth dalam Perspektif Fuqaha

Akmal, Aria Nur (Unknown)
Nurtajuddin, Akhmad Novandi (Unknown)
Supandi, Rochma Aulia (Unknown)
Al Hakim, Muhamad Arief (Unknown)



Article Info

Publish Date
19 Dec 2025

Abstract

Abstract. This study analyzes the legal status of cashback in e-commerce using a juridical-normative approach with a comparative mazhab method. This digital incentive triggers fiqh debates regarding contract classification (takyif fiqhi) and potential elements of gharar and jahalah. The study identifies the cashback mechanism as a Hibah bi Syarth contract. There is a sharp divergence of views: the Shafi'i school textually tends to invalidate this contract as conditions are seen to undermine the tabarru’ principle which must be immediate, whereas the Hanafiyah and Hanabilah validate it through the concepts of a binding promise (wa’d mulzim) and compensated gift (hibah bi syarth al-‘iwadh). Through legal synthesis, this research concludes that cashback is mubah (permissible) by adopting the flexible Hanafiyah and Hanabilah perspectives. This is based on the finding that information technology integration, ensuring transparent Terms and Conditions (T&C), effectively eliminates the illat (legal cause) of gharar and jahalah feared by classical scholars. Consequently, digital cashback promotions are declared valid provided they are transparent, systematically measurable, and free from elements of gambling (maysir) and price manipulation (ghabn). Abstrak. Penelitian ini menganalisis status hukum cashback pada e-commerce melalui pendekatan yuridis-normatif dengan metode perbandingan mazhab. Praktik cashback yang ada pada saat ini memicu perdebatan fiqih terkait klasifikasi akad (takyif fiqhi) serta adanya potensi unsur gharar (ketidakpastian) dan jahalah. Studi ini mengidentifikasi mekanisme cashback sebagai akad Hibah bi Syarth (pemberian bersyarat). Terdapat perbedaan pandangan yang tajam: Mazhab Syafi’i secara tekstual cenderung membatalkan akad ini karena syarat dinilai mencederai prinsip tabarru’ yang harus tunai, sementara Hanafiyah dan Hanabilah memvalidasinya melalui konsep janji yang mengikat (wa’d mulzim) dan hibah berimbalan (hibah bi syarth al-‘iwadh). Melalui analisis hukum, penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa cashback berstatus mubah (sah) dengan mengadopsi perspektif fleksibel Hanafiyah dan Hanabilah. Hal ini didasarkan pada temuan bahwa integrasi sistem teknologi informasi yang menjamin transparansi Syarat dan Ketentuan (S&K) secara efektif telah mengeliminasi illat gharar dan jahalah yang menjadi kekhawatiran ulama klasik. Implikasinya, promosi cashback digital dinyatakan sah selama transparan, terukur secara sistem, serta terbebas dari unsur perjudian (maysir) dan manipulasi harga (ghabn).

Copyrights © 2025






Journal Info

Abbrev

JRES

Publisher

Subject

Religion Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Social Sciences

Description

Jurnal Riset Ekonomi Syariah publishes academic research articles on theoretical and applied studies and focuses on Islamic economics with the scope of Islamic Banking, Islamic Finance, Accounting, and Muamalah. This journal is published by UNISBA Press. Articles submitted to this journal will be ...