JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND SOCIAL RESEARCH
Vol 8, No 4 (2025): November 2025

RAHN VERSUS PAND PERKEMBANGAN DAN PENGATURAN DALAM KUHPERDATA, KHES DAN FATWA DSN MUI PERBEDAAN, PEMANFAATAN OBJEK, RISIKO DAN EKSEKUSI

Hasanah, Uswatun (Unknown)
Harahap, Mhd. Yadi (Unknown)
Lubis, Fauziah (Unknown)



Article Info

Publish Date
25 Nov 2025

Abstract

Abstract: The legal and economic systems in Indonesia continue to develop alongside the growing need to balance legal certainty with moral and religious values, particularly in the practice of debt collateral institutions. In this context, two systems coexistconventional pawn (pand) and Islamic pawn (rahn)which, although serving the same purpose as debt guarantees, differ in their legal principles and value orientation. This study aims to analyze and compare the regulation, utilization of collateral objects, risks, and execution mechanisms between rahn and pand as stipulated in the Indonesian Civil Code (KUHPerdata), the Compilation of Sharia Economic Law (KHES), and the Fatwa of the National Sharia Council of the Indonesian Ulema Council (DSN-MUI). Using a normative-comparative method with a qualitative descriptive approach through library research, the study reveals that while rahn and pand share similar objectives, they differ significantly in legal basis, economic orientation, and operational mechanisms. Rahn is founded on the principles of mutual assistance (tabarru) and sharia justice without interest, whereas pand is profit-oriented with an interest-based system. Overall, rahn reflects a more balanced integration of legal, moral, and socio-economic justice.Keyword: rahn, pand, KHES, civil code, DSN-MUIAbstrak: Sistem hukum dan ekonomi di Indonesia terus berkembang seiring dengan meningkatnya kebutuhan akan keseimbangan antara kepastian hukum dan nilai moral keagamaan, khususnya dalam praktik lembaga jaminan utang. Dalam konteks ini, terdapat dua sistem yang berjalan berdampingan, yaitu gadai konvensional (pand) dan gadai syariah (rahn), yang meskipun memiliki tujuan sama sebagai jaminan pelunasan utang, berbeda dalam prinsip hukum dan orientasi nilai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan membandingkan pengaturan, pemanfaatan objek, risiko, serta mekanisme eksekusi antara rahn dan pand dalam Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata (KUHPerdata), Kompilasi Hukum Ekonomi Syariah (KHES), dan Fatwa Dewan Syariah Nasional Majelis Ulama Indonesia (DSN-MUI). Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian normatif-komparatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif melalui studi kepustakaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rahn dan pand memiliki tujuan yang sama sebagai jaminan utang, namun berbeda dalam prinsip hukum, orientasi ekonomi, dan mekanisme pelaksanaan. Rahn berlandaskan prinsip tolong-menolong (tabarru) dan keadilan syariah tanpa bunga, sedangkan pand bersifat profit-oriented dengan sistem bunga. Secara keseluruhan, rahn lebih mencerminkan keseimbangan antara aspek hukum, moral, dan sosial ekonomi yang berkeadilan.Kata kunci: rahn, pand, KHES, KUHPerdata, DSN-MUI

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Journal Info

Abbrev

JSSR

Publisher

Subject

Computer Science & IT Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Social Sciences

Description

Journal of Science and Social Research is accepts research works from academicians in their respective expertise of studies. Journal of Science and Social Research is platform to disclose the research abilities and promote quality and excellence of young researchers and experienced thoughts towards ...