SMART : Jurnal Teknologi Informasi dan Komputer
Vol. 4 No. 2 July - December 2025

Implementation of a Finite State Machine for Character Animation Transitions in Unity-Based 3D Games

Fairul Filza, Muhammad (Unknown)
Zaid Rahman, Ahmad (Unknown)
Cipta Laksmita, Nadea (Unknown)
Haryoko (Unknown)
Adoni Saputra, Jedidta (Unknown)



Article Info

Publish Date
04 Dec 2025

Abstract

A responsive character animation system with smooth transitions is a crucial factor in creating a high-quality and immersive gameplay experience. A common issue that frequently arises is animation that appears rigid or unnatural when a character switches from one action to another. This study aims to implement a Finite State Machine (FSM) to manage player character animation transitions in the game Legacy of the Sunstone. The method employed is a Hierarchical Finite State Machine (HFSM) with Moore Machine characteristics, in which the output in the form of animation is determined by the currently active state at a given time. The implementation was carried out using the Unity Engine and applied the State Pattern to establish a structured, modular, and maintainable code architecture. The CrossFadeInFixedTime technique was utilized to achieve smooth animation blending between states with configurable transition durations. The developed FSM system consists of two main categories: Locomotion states, including Idle, Movement, Jump, Falling, and Crouch, and Combat states, including Aim, Melee, and Takedown. System testing can be conducted using Black Box Testing through an iterative approach across 13 test scenarios that cover all functional requirements of the system.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

smart

Publisher

Subject

Automotive Engineering Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Electrical & Electronics Engineering Engineering Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Library & Information Science

Description

SMART Jurnal Teknologi Informasi dan Komputer or SMART Journal of Information Technology and Computer Science is published by Gayaku Publisher. SMART publishes research papers in the fields of Information Technology and Computer Science. SMART is committed to publishing high quality articles in ...