PCJN Pharmaceutical and Clinical Journal of Nusantara
Vol. 1 No. 03 (2023): PCJN: Pharmaceutical and Clinical Journal of Nusantara

In Vitro Antibacterial Activity and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration of Citrus aurantifolia Lime Peel Ethanolic Extract against Propionibacterium acnes

Putri, Amalia Eka (Unknown)
Negara, Sri Bintang Sahara Mahaputra Kusuma (Unknown)



Article Info

Publish Date
31 Jul 2023

Abstract

Propionibacterium acnes (syn. Cutibacterium acnes) is the principal gram-positive anaerobe implicated in acne vulgaris through lipolysis, follicular obstruction, and pro-inflammatory cytokine induction. Rising antibiotic resistance among P. acnes strains necessitates plant-derived alternatives. This study evaluated the in vitro antibacterial activity and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Citrus aurantifolia lime peel ethanolic extract against P. acnes ATCC 6919 using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method on Muller Hinton Agar (MHA). The extract was prepared by maceration with 96% ethanol from lime peels collected in Tulungagung, East Java, Indonesia. Fourteen concentrations (0.5–150 mg/mL) were tested in triplicate. The MIC was established at 1 mg/mL with an inhibition zone of 7.23 ± 0.15 mm. Inhibition zones increased proportionally with concentration, reaching 12.20 ± 0.10 mm at 150 mg/mL. Positive control (tetracycline 30 µg) produced 31.13 ± 0.38 mm. Antibacterial activity is attributed to multi-target mechanisms of flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, and saponins acting on the cell wall, membrane, DNA, and virulence enzymes of P. acnes. These findings support the development of lime peel extract as a natural anti-acne ingredient.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

pcjn

Publisher

Subject

Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Nursing Public Health

Description

Journal that publishes Focus & Scope research articles, which include: Pharmaceutical Biology Pharmaceutical Technology Pharmaceutical Chermistry Pharmacology Clinical Pharmacy Microbiology Pharmacy This journal is published by the Nusantara Scientific Journal , which is published March, July, and ...