<![CDATA[Orthography (Imla’) serves as the essential framework for standardized Arabic writing. This study aims to analyze the characteristics of orthographic errors among undergraduate students and identify the underlying factors contributing to these inaccuracies. Employing a descriptive qualitative approach, data were gathered through testing, observation, interviews, and documentation. The findings reveal that errors are primarily categorized into three linguistic clusters: Al-ta’rif (sun and moon letters), hamzah rules (initial, medial, and final), and alif layyinah. The analysis indicates that these errors stem from a lack of fundamental rule mastery and insufficient self-revision mechanisms. This research contributes to the field by providing a diagnostic map of linguistic challenges, which can inform the development of more effective and integrative Arabic writing curricula.]]>
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