Development of Snake and Ladders Learning Media for the Introduction and Management of Basic Emotions in Children Aged 2–4 Years

Christine Dewiyani (Universitas Panca Sakti Bekasi)
Imamah Imamah (Universitas Panca Sakti Bekasi)
Sukiman Sukiman (Universitas Panca Sakti Bekasi)

Ceria: Jurnal Program Studi Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini
Vol. 15 No. 1 (2026): Ceria Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini

This research aimed to develop and test the feasibility of snakes and ladders learning media to help children aged 2–4 years recognize and manage basic emotions at SPS Negeri Bale Bermain Cendkia Kemayoran. Using the Four-D model (Define, Design, Develop, Disseminate), the define stage found that 75% of children struggled to identify emotions, 80% lacked adaptive management strategies, and 70% could not express emotions proportionally. In the design stage, a jumbo floor game (200x200 cm) with supporting components was created. At the develop stage, validation by three experts (subject, media, and early childhood practitioner) scored 97.67/120 (81.39%), categorized as “Valid.” Limited trials with 30 children showed average pre-test scores of 30.33 (42%) and post-test scores of 49.07 (68%), reflecting a 26% increase and a gain score of 0.45 (“Low”). The highest improvement appeared in emotion recognition with a gain score of 0.54 (“Medium”). In the disseminate stage, socialization and implementation assistance were conducted across early childhood institutions in Kemayoran District. Overall, this research produced valid and effective snakes and ladders media, proven to support children in recognizing and managing basic emotions through fun, interactive play.