Potential hazards of multidrug resistance Escherichia coli collected from wastewater on dairy farms in East Java, Indonesia

AGUS WIDODO (Doctoral Program in Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga. Jl. Dr. Ir. H. Soekarno, Kampus C Mulyorejo, Surabaya 60115, East Java, Indonesia)
MIRNI LAMID (Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga. Jl. Dr. Ir. H. Soekarno, Kampus C Mulyorejo, Surabaya 60115, East Java, Indonesia)
MUSTOFA HELMI EFFENDI (Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga. Jl. Dr. Ir. H. Soekarno, Kampus C Mulyorejo, Surabaya 60115, East Java, Indonesia)
WIWIEK TYASNINGSIH (Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga. Jl. Dr. Ir. H. Soekarno, Kampus C Mulyorejo, Surabaya 60115, East Java, Indonesia)
WURLINA WURLINA (Department of Veterinary Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga. Jl. Dr. Ir. H. Soekarno, Kampus C Mulyorejo, Surabaya 60115, East Java, Indonesia)
MOHAMMAD ANAM AL-ARIF (Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga. Jl. Dr. Ir. H. Soekarno, Kampus C Mulyorejo, Surabaya 60115, East Java, Indonesia)
DADIK RAHARJO (Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga. Jl. Dr. Ir. H. Soekarno, Kampus C Mulyorejo, Surabaya 60115, East Java, Indonesia)
SOEHARSONO SOEHARSONO (Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga. Jl. Dr. Ir. H. Soekarno, Kampus C Mulyorejo, Surabaya 60115, East Java, Indonesia)
ASWIN RAFIF KHAIRULLAH (Doctoral Program in Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga. Jl. Dr. Ir. H. Soekarno, Kampus C Mulyorejo, Surabaya 60115, East Java, Indonesia)
KATTY HENDRIANA PRISCILIA RIWU (Doctoral Program in Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga. Jl. Dr. Ir. H. Soekarno, Kampus C Mulyorejo, Surabaya 60115, East Java, Indonesia)
LITA RAKHMA YUSTINASARI (Joint Graduate School, Veterinary Anatomy Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University. 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi 753-8511, Japan)
SHENDY CANADYA KURNIAWAN (Master Program of Animal Sciences, Department of Animal Sciences, Specialisation in Molecule, Cell and Organ Functioning, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen 6708 PB, Netherlands)
OTTO SAHAT MARTUA SILAEN (Doctoral Program in Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia. Jl. Salemba Raya No. 6 Senen, Jakarta 10430, West Java, Indonesia)
MOSES IKECHUKWU BENJAMIN (Department of Applied Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Ebonyi State University. Abakaliki 480211, Nigeria)
DANIAH ASHRI AFNANI (Master Program in Veterinary Disease and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga. Jl. Dr. Ir. H. Soekarno, Kampus C Mulyorejo, Surabaya 60115, East Java, Indonesia)

Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Vol. 24 No. 3 (2023)

Abstract. Widodo A, Lamid M, Effendi MH, Tyasningsih W, Wurlina, Al-Arif MA, Raharjo D, Soeharsono, Khairullah AF, Riwu KHP, Yustinasari LR, Kurniawan SC, Silaen OSM, Benjamin MI, Afnani DA. 2023. Potential hazards of multidrug resistance Escherichia coli collected from wastewater on dairy farms in East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 1900-1907. Escherichia coli bacteria initially reside in the digestive tract of humans and animals. This bacterium is treated with antibiotics, but this treatment may trigger antibiotic resistance. Antibiotic resistance genes found in E. coli can transfer to other bacteria, especially in the case of the emergence of multidrug resistance (MDR) bacteria. E. coli is a significant environmental contaminant on dairy farms and is frequently linked to genes that encode extended-spectrum beta-lactamase. This research focused on investigating the potential hazards of multidrug resistance E. coli collected from wastewater on dairy farms in East Java, Indonesia. The number of research samples used was 139 wastewater samples collected from 125 dairy farms in East Java, Indonesia. First, wastewater samples from dairy farms were isolated into BGLB media, then continued with culture on EMBA media, and identifying E. coli bacteria with TSIA and IMViC biochemical tests. The resistance patterns of E. coli were obtained through disk diffusion antibiotic tests on tetracycline, streptomycin, trimethoprim, chloramphenicol, and aztreonam. The results of the isolation and identification obtained 122 (87.77%) E. coli isolates. Antimicrobial susceptibility test to E. coli isolates showed 14 (11.47%) MDR E. coli isolates. The antimicrobial drug resistance pattern TE-ST-W (tetracycline, streptomycin, trimethoprim) accounted for most MDR E. coli isolates in this study, comprising 10 (36.26%); followed by TE-ST-C (tetracycline, streptomycin, chloramphenicol) with two (6.54%) MDR E. coli and two (6.54%) MDR E.coli isolates were resistant to four antibiotics, with the pattern of resistance to TE-ST-W-C (tetracycline, streptomycin, trimethoprim, chloramphenicol) antibiotic. The discovery of multidrug-resistant E. coli isolated from wastewater on dairy farms in East Java, Indonesia, is a new potential hazard that affects public health and needs solutions. One Health integration is anticipated to be used as a solution.