Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Vol. 27 No. 1 (2026)

A multi-dimensional sustainability assessment of marine protected area management in Jemur Island on the Malacca Strait, Indonesia

TRISLA WARNINGSIH (Program of Fisheries Agribusiness, Department of Fisheries Socio Economic, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine, Universitas Riau. Kampus Bina Widya Km. 12.5, Pekanbaru 28293, Riau, Indonesia)
TOMI RAMADONA (Program of Fisheries Agribusiness, Department of Fisheries Socio Economic, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine, Universitas Riau. Kampus Bina Widya Km. 12.5, Pekanbaru 28293, Riau, Indonesia)
ZULKARNAIN ZULKARNAIN (Program of Fisheries Agribusiness, Department of Fisheries Socio Economic, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine, Universitas Riau. Kampus Bina Widya Km. 12.5, Pekanbaru 28293, Riau, Indonesia)
NURAINI NURAINI (Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine, Universitas Riau. Kampus Bina Widya Km. 12.5, Pekanbaru 28293, Riau, Indonesia)
RINETA KHAIRUNISSA (Program of Fisheries Agribusiness, Department of Fisheries Socio Economic, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine, Universitas Riau. Kampus Bina Widya Km. 12.5, Pekanbaru 28293, Riau, Indonesia)
DEVIASARI DEVIASARI (Department of Agribusiness, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Riau. Kampus Bina Widya Km. 12.5, Pekanbaru 28293, Riau, Indonesia)
ANDINI MUTHMAINNAH (Program of Statistics, Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Riau. Kampus Bina Widya Km. 12.5, Pekanbaru 28293, Riau, Indonesia)
ASWANDI ASWANDI (Research Center for Applied Botany, National Research and Innovation Agency of Indonesia. Jl. Raya Cibinong Km 46, Cibinong, Bogor 16911, West Java, Indonesia)



Article Info

Publish Date
07 Mar 2026

Abstract

Abstract. Warningsih T, Ramadona T, Zulkarnain, Nuraini, Khairunissa R, Deviasari, Muthmainnah A, Aswandi A. 2026. A multi-dimensional sustainability assessment of marine protected area management in Jemur Island on the Malacca Strait, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 27 (1): d270140. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d270140. Jemur Island in the Aruah Islands archipelago in the Malacca Strait, Riau Province, Indonesia, is a marine protected area (MPAs) with significant ecological value as a nesting habitat for green turtles and various economically valuable fish species. However, pressure from human activities and institutional limitations pose challenges to its sustainable management. This study aims to assess the sustainability of marine protected area management on Jemur Island using the Rapfish (Rapid Appraisal for Fisheries) method through a Multi-dimensional Scaling (MDS) approach across four dimensions: ecological, economic, social, and institutional. Data were obtained from in-depth interviews with stakeholders and field observations in mid-2024. The ecological dimension scored 61.44, indicating moderate sustainability, driven primarily by coral reef conditions and turtle nesting habitat quality, with fish abundance identified as the key leverage attribute. The economic dimension scored 64.08, also moderately sustainable, supported by fisheries-based livelihoods and emerging ecotourism, while resource dependency emerged as the critical leverage variable. In contrast, the social dimension scored 41.94, reflecting weak sustainability, with community awareness and participation identified as its main sensitivities. The institutional dimensions were categorized as less sustainable, scored 42.63, and similarly weak, largely influenced by coordination effectiveness and the adequacy of local management capacity. Pareto and leverage analysis further highlight that improvements in fish abundance, livelihood diversification, community engagement, and institutional strengthening offer the greatest potential to enhance overall sustainability. These findings emphasize the need for targeted, evidence-based management and interventions that prioritize ecological monitoring, community involvement, and institutional capacity building. The study provides a structured baseline for evaluating MPA performance in small-island settings and supports future efforts to design more adaptive and participatory conservation strategies.

Copyrights © 2026






Journal Info

Abbrev

biodiv

Publisher

Subject

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology

Description

The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was ...