<![CDATA[Indonesia's digital economic transformation has reshaped the landscape of religious authority, particularly in the production and dissemination of fatwas. This article examines how artificial intelligence and digital platforms are reconfiguring power relations between ulama, formal fatwa institutions such as the National Sharia Board-Indonesian Council of Ulama (DSN-MUI), and emerging cyber actors. Employing a systematic literature review of more than fifty indexed scholarly articles published between 2021 and 2025, this study identifies three principal patterns: the fragmentation of religious authority driven by the democratization of information access through social media; the emergence of AI as a new epistemic actor capable of producing religious answers without collective ijtihad mechanisms; and the tension between the rapid pace of digital sharia economic innovation covering fintech, cryptocurrency, and e-commerce and the comparatively deliberative tempo of formal fatwa institutions. The findings indicate that although DSN-MUI has issued a number of responsive fatwas addressing digital phenomena, the epistemological gap between technological velocity and formal religious authority remains a structural challenge for Islamic Studies in Indonesia. The article recommends strengthening ulama digital literacy, fostering interdisciplinary collaboration between fiqh scholars and data scientists, and reformulating ijtihad methodology to accommodate the pace of digital economic change without compromising the epistemological validity of Islamic law.]]>
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