<![CDATA[This article departs from the academic concern that contemporary Islamic studies tend to fragment theology, philosophy, and Sufism into separate disciplines, leading to an epistemological crisis in which religion loses its critical and transformative power. The Islamic intellectual tradition has never positioned these three disciplines as strictly separate; rather, they form a coherent epistemological unity rooted in the integration of bayani, burhani, and ‘irfani epistemologies. The research gap arises because existing studies have generally examined Sufism, theology, or Islamic philosophy in isolation, without building a comprehensive synthesis that explains their relationship as an integrated knowledge paradigm. This article employs a theoretical synthesis approach, integrating the thought of Abu Hamid al-Ghazali, Ibn ‘Arabi, Mulla Sadra, Seyyed Hossein Nasr, William C. Chittick, and Abdolkarim Soroush. The research was conducted through library studies using hermeneutic-critical analysis, comparative analysis, and critical discourse analysis of classical Islamic texts and contemporary academic literature. This article argues that the separation of theology, philosophy, and Sufism constitutes a modern construction influenced by positivistic and secular paradigms, and that their reintegration is an epistemological necessity for responding to the crisis of modernity. The scientific contribution of this article lies in the formulation of an “integrative-transformative epistemology” model that connects revelation, reason, and intuition as complementary sources of knowledge, while expanding Sufism from individual spiritual ethics into a social-transformative epistemological paradigm relevant for Islamic digital ethics, ecological ethics, and the decolonization of knowledge]]>
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